Ku86 Autoantibody Complex Detection in Carcinoma Diagnosis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods lack an effective means to measure the complex between Ku86 and its autoantibody in blood specimens for determining carcinoma, which is abundant in carcinoma patients.
Innovation Solution
An immunoassay method and kit are developed to measure the complex between Ku86 and its autoantibody in blood specimens using a reagent antibody against Ku86 and a substance capable of binding to the autoantibody, enabling the determination of carcinoma.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional immunoassay methods are used to measure autoantibodies against Ku86, then the measurement can be performed, but the complex between Ku86 and autoantibody cannot be effectively detected or measured
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a Ku86 antigen as an intermediary substance that mediates the detection process. The antigen binds to autoantibodies in the sample, forming a detectable complex that enables indirect measurement of the autoantibody presence and quantity through standard immunoassay techniques.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent separates the detection into distinct functional components: the Ku86 antigen serves as one binding component while the autoantibody serves as another. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently and enables the formation of a measurable complex that was not detectable using conventional single-component assays.
2Adaptability or versatility
If protein expression levels are analyzed using proteomic analysis, then Ku86 expression can be identified in cancerous tissues, but the method cannot be applied to blood specimens for carcinoma determination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex proteomic analysis techniques with a simplified immunoassay-based detection system. Instead of using protein separation and identification methods, the invention uses antibody-antigen binding reactions that can be performed on blood specimens using standard laboratory equipment and procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses autoantibodies as intermediary molecules that selectively bind to Ku86 antigen in blood specimens. This intermediary approach enables specific detection of Ku86 protein in complex biological fluids like blood, overcoming the limitations of direct proteomic analysis methods.
3Reliability
If antibodies against Ku protein are measured, then autoimmune diseases can be detected, but carcinoma-specific autoantibody complexes cannot be effectively measured
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using Ku86-specific autoantibodies that are locally produced or enriched in carcinoma patients' blood. These specific autoantibodies bind selectively to Ku86 antigen, creating a localized detection signal that distinguishes carcinoma patients from healthy individuals or patients with other conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from simply detecting the presence of anti-Ku antibodies to measuring the quantity of Ku86-autoantibody complexes formed in blood specimens. This parameter change enables differentiation between carcinoma patients and other populations based on the concentration and complexity of the antibody-antigen complexes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method effectively distinguishes carcinoma patients from healthy individuals and those with other conditions, specifically identifying primary hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, breast carcinoma, lung carcinoma, and esophageal carcinoma through significant differences in complex levels.
Implementation Method 1
a reagent antibody against Ku86 and a substance capable of binding to the autoantibody
Implementation Method 2
a substance capable of binding to the autoantibody
Data Source
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AI summary
A reaginic antibody of Ku86 and a substance capable of binding with the autoantibody of Ku86 are acted on a complex of Ku86 and the autoantibody thereof in a subject. Said complex can be measured by measuring the obtained immune complex of the aforementioned complex, reaginic antibody, and substance capable of binding with the autoantibody of Ku86. As a consequence, it is possible to determine whether the cancer is a primary hepatoma, colon cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, or an esophageal cancer.