L-Carnitine Phytate Salt Formation for Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
L-carnitine and its alkanoyl derivatives' inner salts face challenges due to hygroscopic physical characteristics and inadequate chemical stability, leading to processing and storage issues, as well as unpleasant odors and limited therapeutical and nutritional efficacy.
Innovation Solution
The development of novel salt forms, specifically L-carnitine phytate and alkanoyl L-carnitine phytates, using phytic acid as the anion moiety, which provides improved stability, reduced hygroscopicity, and enhanced therapeutic and nutritional benefits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If inner salts of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitine are used, then therapeutical and nutritional benefits are provided, but hygroscopic physical characteristics cause processing and storage problems
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical form of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitine from inner salts to phytate salt forms. This parameter change in chemical structure transforms the physical properties, specifically reducing hygroscopicity while maintaining therapeutical and nutritional benefits. The phytate salt forms have improved physical characteristics that facilitate processing and storage.
2Reliability
If inner salts of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitine are used, then therapeutical and nutritional benefits are provided, but inadequate chemical stability leads to release of trimethylamine and unpleasant fishy smell
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical form from inner salts to phytate salts, which fundamentally alters the chemical stability profile. The phytate salt forms exhibit improved chemical stability that prevents the decomposition pathway leading to trimethylamine release and eliminates the unpleasant fishy odor, while preserving the desired therapeutical and nutritional effects.
3Ease of manufacture
If various salt forms with pharmacologically acceptable acids are produced, then physical and chemical drawbacks are solved, but the anion moiety lacks synergistic pharmacological and nutritional characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs phytic acid as the anion moiety, which serves multiple functions simultaneously. Phytic acid provides the desired physical and chemical stability while also contributing its own pharmacological and nutritional properties. This multi-functional approach creates synergistic effects, as phytic acid itself has antioxidant, anti-cancer, and metabolic benefits that complement those of L-carnitine.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite salt structures combining L-carnitine/alkanoyl L-carnitine with phytic acid. This composite approach integrates the beneficial properties of both components into a single molecular entity, achieving both the physical/chemical improvements from salt formation and the synergistic pharmacological/nutritional effects from the phytic acid moiety.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
L-carnitine phytates exhibit improved chemical stability, reduced odor, and enhanced therapeutic and nutritional efficacy, making them more suitable for pharmaceutical, nutriceutical, and cosmetic applications.
Implementation Method 1
L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitine phytates and process for preparing the same... various salt forms of L-carnitine and its alkanoyl derivatives... combined with phytic acid
Data Source
AI summary
Salts of L-carnitine and alkanoyl L-carnitines with phytic acid of general formula (I), and the process of preparing the same, wherein the mole ratio between the L-carnitine or its alkanoyl derivatives cation and phytic acid anion be within the range of 1:1 to 6:1, wherein: n=1-6; R1 is the phytate anion; R is either hydrogen, a straight alkanoyl group having 2-12 carbon atoms or a branched-chain alkanoyl group having 2-12 carbon atoms.