Lactam Solid Dispersion for Antimicrobial Solubility
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lactams used in antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and bacteriostatic compositions face limitations due to solubility issues, particularly in aqueous and non-aqueous compositions, and are unstable in high pH conditions, restricting their versatility and stability.
Innovation Solution
Formulating lactams in solid dispersions with polymers like polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyethyleneglycol (PEG), which enhances solubility and stability, allowing for their use in a wider range of compositions, including those with high pH, and improving their formulation flexibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If lactams are used in antimicrobial compositions, then antimicrobial activity is achieved, but solubility is poor in aqueous and non-aqueous compositions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the physical state of the lactam from pure crystalline form to a solid dispersion system. This involves changing the molecular arrangement and intermolecular interactions through dispersion in a carrier matrix, thereby improving solubility while maintaining the antimicrobial active ingredient's efficacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by creating a solid dispersion system where the lactam (active ingredient) is dispersed within a carrier matrix. This composite structure combines the antimicrobial properties of the lactam with the solubility-enhancing characteristics of the carrier, resolving the solubility issue while preserving antimicrobial activity.
2Adaptability or versatility
If lactams are used in high pH compositions, then formulation flexibility is improved, but stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an intermediary approach by introducing a carrier matrix as a protective medium. This carrier acts as a barrier between the lactam and the harsh high pH environment, shielding the lactam from degradation while allowing the formulation to maintain its flexibility and compatibility with high pH compositions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by altering the microenvironment around the lactam through the solid dispersion matrix. This creates a localized protective environment that maintains lactam stability even when exposed to high pH conditions, thereby enabling formulation flexibility without sacrificing stability.
3Reliability
If pure lactam is used, then antimicrobial efficacy is maintained, but formulation versatility is limited due to solubility and stability issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by separating the active ingredient (lactam) from its pure crystalline form and dispersing it as individual molecules or small aggregates within a carrier matrix. This segmentation prevents the formation of large crystalline structures that limit solubility, while maintaining the antimicrobial efficacy of the lactam molecules.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials to create a solid dispersion system that combines the lactam with a carrier matrix. This composite structure enhances formulation versatility by improving solubility and stability, while the lactam component retains its antimicrobial efficacy through maintained molecular integrity and bioavailability.
Data Source
AI summary
Lactams in solid dispersions suitable for use in compositions. The compositions may be useful as antimicrobial, anti-biofilm and bacteriostatic compositions. Methods of making lactams in solid dispersions. Methods of making compositions using lactams in solid dispersions.