Lactic Acid Bacteria Coaggregation Against Streptococcus Pyogenes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for Streptococcus pyogenes infections, such as sore throat and tonsillitis, are inadequate as they do not effectively prevent the bacterium's adhesion and invasion of host cells, and existing vaccines and antibiotics face challenges due to resistance and side effects.
Innovation Solution
Development of lactic acid bacteria that can coaggregate with Streptococcus pyogenes, specifically binding to the pathogen before it can adhere to host cells, thereby preventing infection and reducing bacterial load.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antibiotics are used to treat Streptococcus pyogenes infections, then bacterial load is reduced, but resistance develops and side effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
Lactic acid bacteria serve as an intermediary organism that competes with Streptococcus pyogenes for adhesion sites on host cells. The beneficial bacteria bind to fibronectin and other host cell surface molecules, preventing pathogenic bacteria from establishing infection without directly killing them, thus avoiding antibiotic resistance and side effects
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful adhesion mechanism of Streptococcus pyogenes into a beneficial process by using lactic acid bacteria that exploit the same adhesion pathways (fibronectin binding, M-protein interaction) to outcompete the pathogen, turning the pathogen's strength into a protective mechanism
2Reliability
If vaccines are developed against Streptococcus pyogenes, then prevention is improved, but complexity increases due to multiple virulence factors
Solution Approach 1:
Lactic acid bacteria provide universal protection against multiple Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factors simultaneously. A single probiotic strain can compete against various adhesion mechanisms (fibronectin binding, M-protein, lipoteichoic acid) and produce multiple antimicrobial substances, offering broad-spectrum prevention without requiring multiple targeted vaccines
3Reliability
If lactic acid bacteria are used to prevent Streptococcus pyogenes adhesion, then infection risk is reduced, but effectiveness may be compromised by saliva and high sugar concentrations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent selects and engineers lactic acid bacteria strains with optimized physiological parameters that enable them to maintain adhesion capability in the presence of saliva and high sugar concentrations. These strains produce extracellular polysaccharides that protect their surface adhesion molecules from inhibition by salivary components and maintain binding affinity under varying osmotic conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The lactic acid bacteria effectively coaggregate with Streptococcus pyogenes, preventing its adhesion to host cells and reducing the risk of infection, even in the presence of saliva and high sugar concentrations, offering a novel approach for treating and preventing Streptococcus pyogenes infections without disrupting the natural skin flora.
Implementation Method 1
The first step in the course of pathogenesis of Streptococcus pyogenes is adhesion of the bacteria to the surface of the host cells... lipoteichoic acid (LTA) as a molecule that mediates the initial adhesion... The microorganism or analog, fragment, derivative, mutant or combination thereof can coaggregate with Streptococcus pyogenes
Data Source
AI summary
The invention describes a microorganism of the order of lactic acid bacteria or an analog, fragment, derivative, mutant or combination thereof, wherein the microorganism, or analog, fragment, derivative, mutant or combination thereof can coaggregate with Streptococcus pyogenes.