Lactococcus lactis JCM5805 Adjuvant for Oral Vaccine CTL Response

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer often require adjuvants to enhance antigenicity, but these adjuvants pose safety concerns and do not effectively boost both antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and antibodies when administered orally.

Innovation Solution

A composition comprising Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM5805, which is orally ingested to enhance the generation of CTL and antibodies specific to antigens, acting as a vaccine adjuvant when combined with antigens for infectious diseases or cancer-specific antigens.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If adjuvants are used to enhance antigenicity, then the immune response is improved, but safety concerns increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveimmune response effectivenessVSAvoidside effects

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the adjuvant from conventional substances (alum, oil emulsions) to lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum strain AYA), which fundamentally alters the safety profile while maintaining or enhancing immune response effectiveness. This parameter change resolves the contradiction by selecting a biologically safer substance that still achieves the desired immunopotentiating effect.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs lactic acid bacteria that are naturally present in the gut microbiota, which are biodegradable and metabolized harmlessly after serving their immunomodulatory function. This approach replaces persistent conventional adjuvants with transient, naturally occurring organisms that eliminate long-term safety concerns while providing effective immune enhancement.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If antigen alone is administered, then safety is maintained, but immune response effectiveness is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

ImprovesafetyVSAvoidvaccine effectiveness

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces lactic acid bacteria as an intermediary substance that mediates between the antigen and the immune system. These bacteria act as a bridge, naturally enhancing the immune response to the antigen without requiring harmful conventional adjuvants. The lactic acid bacteria stimulate immune cells (dendritic cells, macrophages) to present the antigen more effectively, thereby resolving the contradiction between safety and effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If conventional adjuvants are used, then antigenicity is enhanced, but coordination between antibody and CTL response is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveantigen specificityVSAvoidcoordinated immune response

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs lactic acid bacteria that perform multiple immune-modulating functions simultaneously: they enhance both humoral immunity (antibody production) and cell-mediated immunity (CTL response). This multi-functionality allows the single adjuvant candidate to coordinate both arms of the adaptive immune system, resolving the contradiction between antigen specificity and coordinated immune response versatility.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The oral ingestion of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM5805 increases the proliferation of antigen-specific CTL and antibody production, providing enhanced immune response and immune protection against viral infections and cancer.

Implementation Method 1

The present inventor had discovered that a specific lactic acid bacterium strain induces plasmacytoid dendritic cells to generate interferon

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectInterferon generation:

Implementation Method 2

oral ingestion of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM5805 increases the proliferation of antigen-specific CTL

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCell proliferation:

Implementation Method 3

oral ingestion of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM5805 increases the generation of antibodies specific to the antigen

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectAntibody production:

Data Source

PatentUS10603377B2Method for enhancing generation of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and antibodies

Publication Date: 2020.03.31 KIRIN HOLDINGS KK

AI summary

Provided are a composition and a food or drink, having the effect of enhancing an immune response to an antigen, which is administered by another route such as subcutaneous injection, by orally administering to a subject, lactic acid bacteria, a culture thereof, a treated product thereof, or a composition comprising the same.An oral ingestion composition, which comprises a lactic acid bacterium strain that is Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis enhancing the proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and the generation of antibodies, or a culture or treated product thereof, and is used in combination with an antigen as a vaccine, wherein the oral ingestion composition is for use in enhancing the proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific to the antigen and the generation of antibodies specific to the antigen.