Laminated Food Packaging With PVD Aluminum Barrier Coating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing packaging materials for liquid food containers, such as those using aluminum foil, face high manufacturing costs and complexity in lamination, and alternative barrier films lack sufficient gas and water vapor barrier properties while being visually indistinguishable from foil-based materials.

Innovation Solution

A laminated packaging material comprising a cellulose-based bulk layer, outer and inner thermoplastic layers, and a barrier layer with a partially oxidized aluminum coating applied via physical vapor deposition (PVD), which is non-metallic in appearance and provides effective gas and water vapor barriers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If aluminum foil is used as the barrier layer, then gas barrier properties are superior, but manufacturing costs and lamination complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas barrier propertiesVSAvoidlamination complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the barrier layer by using PVD-coated plastic film instead of aluminum foil. The PVD coating process creates a metal oxide layer with specific thickness (5-50 nm) and composition that provides comparable gas barrier properties while enabling different processing parameters during lamination, thus reducing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces expensive aluminum foil with a cost-effective PVD-coated plastic film structure. The multilayer construction with specific polymer layers and thin PVD coating provides the necessary barrier functionality at lower material and processing costs, making the packaging more economically viable

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Reliability

If aluminum foil is used as the barrier layer, then gas barrier properties are superior, but manufacturing costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas barrier propertiesVSAvoidmanufacturing costs
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite material structure combining plastic polymer layers with a thin PVD metal oxide coating. This composite approach leverages the cost-effectiveness of plastics while adding the barrier properties of metal oxides through physical vapor deposition, achieving superior gas barrier performance at lower overall manufacturing cost compared to pure aluminum foil

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the barrier layer composition from pure aluminum foil to a PVD-coated plastic structure with controlled coating thickness (5-50 nm) and metal oxide content (1-50 wt%). These parameter changes optimize the balance between barrier performance and manufacturing cost, reducing material costs while maintaining protective functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional barrier films are used to replace aluminum foil, then manufacturing costs may be reduced, but gas and water vapor barrier properties become insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costsVSAvoidwater vapor barrier properties
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enhances the barrier properties of plastic film by applying a PVD metal oxide coating with specific thickness (5-50 nm) and composition parameters. This treatment dramatically improves water vapor and gas barrier properties of the underlying plastic material, achieving performance comparable to or exceeding aluminum foil while maintaining cost advantages

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the traditional aluminum foil mechanical barrier with a PVD-coated plastic film system. The physical vapor deposition process creates a dense metal oxide layer that provides equivalent or superior barrier performance through molecular-level coverage, replacing the bulk metal foil approach with a thin-film composite solution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Ease of manufacture

If conventional barrier films are used to replace aluminum foil, then manufacturing costs may be reduced, but visual distinction from foil-based materials is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costsVSAvoidvisual distinction
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent utilizes the inherent optical properties of PVD metal oxide coatings to provide visual distinction from aluminum foil. The coating process creates surfaces with specific light reflection, transmission, and absorption characteristics that differ from metallic aluminum, enabling visual identification while maintaining the cost benefits of plastic-based construction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution offers a cost-effective, scalable, and visually distinct packaging material with improved barrier properties, maintaining integrity and shelf life for long-term aseptic storage, while reducing environmental impact through lower metal usage and enabling easier recycling.

Implementation Method 1

a barrier layer (14) comprising a barrier substrate layer (14b) coated with a physical vapour deposited (PVD) barrier coating (14a)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical vapor deposition: Physical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentEP4335639B1Laminated packaging material comprising a barrier layer and packaging container made therefrom
Publication Date: 2025.07.16 TETRA LAVAL HOLDINGS & FINANCE SA
  • EP4335639B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4335639B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4335639B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A laminated packaging material (10a) for packaging of liquid or semi-liquid food products comprises: - a bulk layer (11) comprising cellulose-based material, preferably paper or paperboard, - a first outermost liquid-tight, heat-sealable thermoplastic layer (12), arranged on the outside of the bulk layer to constitute the outside of a package formed from the packaging material, - a second innermost liquid-tight, heat-sealable thermoplastic layer (13) arranged on the inside of the bulk layer to be in direct contact with the filled food product, and - a barrier layer (14) comprising a barrier substrate layer (14b) coated with a physical vapour deposited (PVD) barrier coating comprising partially oxidised aluminium, the barrier coating having a thickness of 8 to 40 nm and a transmittance of 20 to 60 %, the barrier layer being laminated between the bulk layer and the second, innermost liquid-tight, heat-sealable thermoplastic layer.