LAMP Primer Design for Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, suffer from low sensitivity and accuracy, necessitating a faster and more precise diagnostic approach.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique with specifically designed oligonucleotide primers targeting regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, such as the N gene and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene, to enhance detection sensitivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If RT-PCR detection methods are used for SARS-CoV-2, then detection capability is provided, but detection sensitivity and accuracy are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection method from RT-PCR to LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification), which operates at constant temperature rather than requiring thermal cycling. This parameter change in the amplification process enables higher detection sensitivity and accuracy by reducing contamination risks and improving signal amplification efficiency for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the complex thermal cycling mechanism of RT-PCR with a simpler isothermal amplification system using LAMP. This substitution eliminates the need for temperature cycling equipment, reduces contamination from opening tubes during cycling, and improves both detection sensitivity and reliability through a more robust amplification process
2Speed
If rapid detection methods are developed, then detection speed increases, but detection accuracy may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates preliminary action by designing specific primers and probes that are pre-configured to target conserved regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. This preliminary preparation of highly specific binding elements ensures that the rapid LAMP amplification process maintains both speed and accuracy, as the primers are optimized before the detection process begins
Solution Approach 2:
The patent achieves continuous useful action through isothermal amplification, where the LAMP reaction proceeds continuously at a constant temperature without interruption for thermal cycling. This continuous amplification process maintains detection accuracy while significantly reducing the time required compared to batched RT-PCR methods
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The LAMP method enables rapid and highly sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2, with a minimum detection threshold of 10-25 copies within 15 minutes, reducing the risk of false negatives and improving diagnostic accuracy.
Implementation Method 1
producing an oligonucleotide primer that is selectively hybridized with a sequence specific to SARS-CoV-2
Implementation Method 2
amplifying the sequence specific to SARS-CoV-2 through a LAMP method
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are oligonucleotide primers that hybridize specifically with any base sequence designed from the base sequences of the N gene, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene, M gene, and S gene of SARS-COV-2, a nucleic acid amplification method using said primers, a test method for SARS-COV-2 infection by detection of nucleic acid amplification, and a COVID-19 test kit.