Aircraft Landing Trajectory Planning With STARI and Holding Patterns
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems require significant processing resources and time to automatically determine a safe, flyable trajectory for an aircraft to land on a georeferenced landing strip, especially when obstacles and aircraft health conditions are considered, making real-time calculations impractical.
Innovation Solution
An automatic trajectory generation system that uses onboard electronic equipment to calculate a flyable trajectory by integrating databases for terrain, military zones, weather, and aircraft performance, employing STARI procedures and holding patterns to ensure safety and efficiency, reducing processing requirements and time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If automatic trajectory calculation is performed considering terrain, military zones, weather, and aircraft health conditions, then safety and reliability of the trajectory are improved, but processing resources and calculation time are excessively consumed
Solution Approach 1:
The trajectory calculation is divided into multiple discrete steps: selecting candidate landing strips based on basic criteria, calculating approach trajectories for each candidate, evaluating trajectories against constraints, and selecting the optimal trajectory. This segmentation allows the system to process information in manageable stages rather than attempting to consider all factors simultaneously, reducing overall calculation time while maintaining comprehensive safety checks.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary filtering of landing strips and trajectories before detailed evaluation. Candidate landing strips are pre-selected based on basic geographic and operational criteria, and approach trajectories are pre-calculated using standard procedures (STAR, SID, IAP). This preliminary action eliminates obviously unsuitable options early, so that subsequent detailed evaluation focuses only on viable candidates, significantly reducing total processing time.
2Reliability
If comprehensive obstacle and aircraft state considerations are included in trajectory calculation, then trajectory reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electronic equipment performs multiple functions using the same hardware resources: it accesses various databases (terrain, military zones, weather, aircraft performance), executes trajectory calculation algorithms, evaluates multiple constraints, and generates flight guidance. This multi-functionality allows comprehensive trajectory analysis without proportionally increasing hardware complexity, as a single integrated system handles all these diverse tasks.
Solution Approach 2:
The system automatically retrieves required data from onboard databases (terrain elevation, military zones, weather conditions, aircraft performance characteristics) without requiring external input for each parameter. The electronic equipment self-services by accessing its own stored information, eliminating the need for complex external data acquisition systems and reducing overall system complexity while maintaining comprehensive trajectory evaluation.
Data Source
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AI summary
To guide an aircraft in flight to a runway, an automatic trajectory generation system (101) obtains a procedure, known as the STARI procedure, which provides a flyable final trajectory for the aircraft to land on the runway. From the entry point of the final trajectory, or any point above it, a predefined holding pattern is flyable to achieve energy dissipation if necessary. The automatic trajectory generation system (101) then calculates a lateral trajectory, avoiding terrain features, weather obstacles, and military zones, between the aircraft's current position and the entry point or a point above it, based on performance characteristics appropriate to the aircraft's operational state.An overall trajectory is thus obtained, by linking the calculated lateral trajectory and the final trajectory of the STARI procedure, including, if necessary, iterations of the waiting circuit scheme.