Shallow Soil Landslide Early Warning via Digital Topographic Map Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for early warning of shallow soil landslides are inefficient due to reliance on historical data and complex calculations, leading to delayed and ineffective disaster prevention.
Innovation Solution
An early warning method based on digital topographic maps that calculates slope, plane curvature, and rainfall factors to determine the likelihood of landslide occurrence without requiring extensive historical data, using a three-point method to accurately assess plane curvature and combine topographic factors for quantitative risk assessment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If historical recorded monitoring data and landslide deformation failure model test are used to calculate critical threshold, then the early warning can be based on empirical data, but the early warning work becomes complex and response lags
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and emphasizes only the most critical topographic factors (slope gradient, cross-sectional depression, gentle slope topography, free face topography) from the complex landscape, eliminating the need to analyze all possible landslide influencing factors. This selective extraction simplifies the early warning system while maintaining reliability based on the most significant natural control factors.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary identification of potential landslide areas by analyzing topographic maps before actual landslide occurrence. By pre-calculating topographic parameters and identifying high-risk zones in advance, the system enables proactive early warning without requiring complex real-time monitoring data or historical failure records.
2Ease of manufacture
If unified DEM scale is used to calculate slopes and curvatures for landslides of different scales, then the calculation process is simplified, but great errors occur in the results
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by analyzing topographic characteristics at the specific scale of each landslide mass rather than using a unified DEM scale for all landslides. The method calculates slope gradient, cross-sectional depression, and other topographic parameters according to the local scale and characteristics of each potential landslide area, ensuring measurement precision while maintaining practical feasibility.
3Measurement precision
If field measurement is used to determine cross-sectional depression and vertical-sectional uplift topography, then the topographic data can be obtained, but it is not conducive to early warning of large-scale shallow soil landslides
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses digital topographic maps as copies of the actual terrain to obtain topographic data. Instead of performing field measurements for each potential landslide area, the system extracts topographic parameters (slope gradient, cross-sectional depression, gentle slope topography, free face topography) from digital map data, dramatically improving productivity while maintaining measurement precision through accurate digital elevation information.
4Reliability
If multi-level comprehensive monitoring and early warning method is used, then the early warning can be systematic, but it requires a lot of historical data and complex calculations leading to low early warning efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and focuses on the most critical topographic control factors that naturally govern shallow soil landslide occurrence. By selecting only the essential factors (slope gradient, cross-sectional depression, gentle slope topography, free face topography) from the complex set of all possible influencing factors, the system achieves systematic early warning with much simpler calculations and higher efficiency, eliminating the need for extensive historical monitoring data.
Data Source
AI summary
This is an early warning method for a shallow soil landslide based on a digital topographic map, belonging to the field of landslide prevention and control engineering. It has following steps: a. connecting a straight line along an upward bulged intermediate point of a contour line of the topographic map as an intermediate line; b. determining an intermediate point; c. constituting a three-point group of a plane curvature; d. taking an arithmetic average of slopes as a slope α of a landslide mass. The shallow soil landslide can be early warned without a lot of historical observation data of landslide occurrence, and the dangerous landslide mass can be determined in advance, which greatly improves the applicability of disaster prevention and the early warning efficiency.