Laser Engraving Timing for Etched-Look Timepiece Components

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional laser machining of watch components often results in engravings with imperfect straight junctions due to high-frequency pulse overlap, leading to hollows at the periphery and end of the engraving, which are not suitable for high-end watch components that require a more artisanal appearance.

Innovation Solution

Programming the laser source to emit the first pulse after the beam has moved from the starting point and the last pulse before reaching the end point, allowing for a time shift and varying longitudinal coverage rates, resulting in a curved junction between the sides and bottom of the engraving, similar to chemical etching.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the laser source is programmed to emit pulses at high frequency along the entire vector path including start and end points, then the engraving process is efficient and complete, but hollows and grooves form at the periphery due to pulse overlap

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengraving process efficiencyVSAvoidengraving junction quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The laser beam is moved to the starting point and the first pulse is emitted after a time lag before the beam begins its movement along the path. This preliminary positioning and delayed pulse emission prevent excessive pulse overlap at the beginning of the vector, eliminating hollows at the periphery while maintaining engraving efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The laser source is programmed to emit the last pulse before the beam reaches the ending point, with a time lag that prevents the beam from continuing to move after pulse emission stops. This preliminary cessation of pulses before reaching the end point eliminates grooves at the periphery while maintaining complete engraving coverage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If the laser pulses are emitted simultaneously with the beam movement, then the engraving is completed efficiently, but the junction between edges and base becomes straight and imperfect

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengraving completion speedVSAvoidengraving junction profile
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

Time lags are introduced at the beginning and end of the laser vector path, changing the temporal parameters of pulse emission relative to beam movement. This creates a variable pulse distribution along the path that produces a curved junction profile similar to chemical etching, while maintaining the efficiency of laser machining

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Different temporal characteristics are applied to different portions of the engraving path: time lags are applied specifically at the start and end points, while the middle portion maintains normal pulse emission timing. This local differentiation creates the desired curved junction profile at critical areas without compromising overall engraving efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method produces engravings with precise control and high reproducibility, achieving an appearance similar to chemical etching with improved quality and resolution, suitable for high-end watch components.

Implementation Method 1

a laser source (4) arranged to emit pulses of duration equal to or less than a picosecond and define a movable incident laser beam (6) relative to the substrate (2), and perform an engraving on the latter

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser ablation: Laser Ablation

Data Source

PatentEP4046741B1Method for laser machining of a timepiece component
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 DM SURFACES SA
  • EP4046741B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1c
  • EP4046741B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3a
  • EP4046741B1 patent drawingFigure 3b

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for laser machining a substrate (2) with a laser source (4, 8, 10) emitting pulses (P1,.., P4) of duration equal to or less than a picosecond in the form of a moving incident laser beam (6), comprising the steps of defining an engraving vector on the substrate, delimited by a starting point (D) and an ending point (A), and composed of a path to be traveled on the substrate (2) and a series of impacts of the incident laser beam (6) along the path, the laser source (4, 8, 10) being programmed such that: the first pulse (P1) associated with the first impact is emitted after the incident laser beam (6) has left the starting point (D) to begin its movement, and the last pulse (P4) associated with the last impact is emitted before the incident laser beam (6) has reached the ending point (A) and finished moving.