Laser System Optical Feedback Phase Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing laser systems with optical feedback require precise control of the distance between the laser and resonant optical cavity to maintain phase alignment, which is challenging due to thermomechanical effects and limited by the bandwidth of mechanical adjustments, leading to slow and cumbersome adjustments for different laser emission frequencies.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a fiber electro-optical modulator to phase-shift the source and counter-propagating waves, allowing for rapid and flexible adjustment of the relative phase between the laser and resonant optical cavity, enabling instantaneous phase correction and maximizing coupling efficiency regardless of wavelength.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If mechanical adjustment methods are used to control the distance between laser and resonant optical cavity, then phase alignment can be achieved, but the adjustment speed is slow and the response time is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadjustment speedVSAvoidmechanical adjustment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical adjustment system (piezoelectric transducer moving a mirror) with an optical phase modulation system using an electro-optical modulator. This substitution eliminates mechanical moving parts and achieves phase control through electrical signals, thereby increasing adjustment speed to less than 0.1 nanoseconds while reducing mechanical complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the control parameter from physical distance (mechanical parameter) to optical phase (electromagnetic parameter). By using an electro-optical modulator to directly modulate the phase of the optical wave, the system achieves rapid phase alignment without mechanical movement, resolving the contradiction between adjustment speed and device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the distance between laser and resonant optical cavity is controlled with great precision to maintain phase alignment, then optical feedback efficiency is improved, but the system can only be maintained passively for limited times due to thermomechanical effects

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase alignment stabilityVSAvoidmaintenance duration
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements an active feedback control system using a phase control device that continuously monitors and adjusts the phase relationship between the laser and resonant optical cavity. This feedback mechanism compensates for thermomechanical drifts and environmental variations, maintaining phase alignment stability indefinitely rather than passively for limited times

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from passive static phase alignment to active dynamic phase control. The electro-optical modulator enables real-time phase adjustment in response to environmental changes, making the system adaptable and stable over extended periods despite thermomechanical effects

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If a mirror mounted on a piezoelectric transducer is used for fine adjustment of distance, then phase cancellation can be achieved, but the bandwidth is limited and adjustment for different frequencies requires several hours

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency adaptabilityVSAvoidadjustment time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the piezoelectric transducer and mirror mechanical adjustment system with an electro-optical modulator that controls phase through electrical signals. This substitution increases the bandwidth from limited mechanical response to electronic speeds, enabling frequency adaptation in less than 0.1 nanoseconds instead of several hours

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the control approach from mechanical position adjustment to optical phase modulation. The electro-optical modulator can rapidly adjust phase for different laser frequencies without mechanical movement, achieving high frequency adaptability with minimal time loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables almost instantaneous adjustment of the laser-cavity phase shift, improving the response time to less than 0.1 nanoseconds and allowing for rapid switching between different laser emission frequencies, enhancing the system's sensitivity and stability.

Implementation Method 1

a fiber electro-optical modulator to phase-shift the source and counter-propagating waves

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectro-optical effect: Electro-Optic Effects

Implementation Method 2

a resonant optical cavity, coupled by optical feedback to the laser, configured to generate an intra-cavity wave

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical resonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 3

When the laser is sensitive to optical feedback, which is the case for example of semiconductor lasers, an optical feedback phenomenon occurs so that the frequency of the source wave is locked to that of the resonance mode of the resonant optical cavity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical feedback: Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3520182B1Laser system with optical feedback
Publication Date: 2021.10.20 CENT NAT DE LA RECH SCI (C N R S)
  • EP3520182B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3520182B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP3520182B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

The invention relates to a laser system with optical feedback, comprising an optical-feedback-sensitive laser (110) which emits, via an output optical fibre (111), a continuous, frequency-adjustable, propagating, source optical wave (L0p), known as the source wave; a resonant optical cavity (120) coupled by means of optical feedback to the laser and configured to generate an intra-cavity wave (L5), one fraction of which returns to the laser in the form of a counter-propagating optical wave (L0c); an electro-optic fibre modulator (115) placed on the optical path between the laser and the resonant optical cavity, said electro-optic modulator being configured to generate a phase-shifted source wave (L1p) by phase-shifting the source wave and, by phase-shifting the counter-propagating optical wave, to generate a phase-shifted counter-propagating wave (L0c), known as the feedback wave, which reaches the laser; a phase-control device (130) for generating a control signal (SC) for the electro-optic modulator from an error signal (SE) representative of the relative phase between the source wave (L0p) and the feedback wave (L0c), such as to cancel the relative phase between the source wave and the feedback wave.