Multi-Stage Delay Circuit for Laser Scanning Microscope Noise Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Laser scanning microscopes using pulsed light face challenges in capturing images with high sensitivity due to attenuating detection signals over time, requiring precise timing for signal sampling to maximize intensity and minimize background noise.
Innovation Solution
A laser scanning type observation apparatus with a multi-stage delay setting unit that adjusts the delay time of synchronous signals to optimize sampling timing, using a decision unit to determine the optimum delay stage based on detection signal intensities and contrast calculations, and incorporating an AC-coupled amplifier to enhance image quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If detection signals are sampled at maximum intensity timing, then image sensitivity is maximized, but background noise increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing background noise measurement before actual image acquisition. The system measures background noise at multiple delay stages prior to sampling detection signals, then uses this pre-acquired background data to subtract noise components during image formation, thereby reducing background noise while preserving signal intensity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by using the measured background noise values to adjust the image formation process. The decision unit selects delay stages based on feedback from background noise measurements and detection signal intensities, creating a closed-loop system that optimizes the balance between signal intensity and noise reduction
2Measurement precision
If multiple delay stages are implemented for optimization, then sampling timing precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the delay time into multiple discrete delay stages within one period of the synchronous signal. Each delay stage corresponds to a specific timing offset, allowing the system to sample detection signals at different time points. This segmented approach enables precise timing control while maintaining manageable system complexity through discrete, predefined delay options
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics by making the delay stage selectable and adjustable. The multi-stage delay setting unit allows dynamic selection of optimal delay stages based on measurement results, enabling the system to adapt timing parameters rather than being fixed. This dynamic capability provides optimization flexibility without permanently increasing hardware complexity
3Measurement precision
If AC-coupled amplifier is used to enhance image quality, then signal amplification is improved, but timing synchronization becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by measuring background noise and determining optimal delay stages before signal amplification. By establishing the timing reference and selecting optimal delay parameters in advance, the system compensates for potential timing shifts introduced by AC-coupled amplification, ensuring accurate synchronization is maintained despite the amplifier's phase characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces mechanical timing adjustment with electronic delay circuitry and digital processing. Instead of physically adjusting timing components, the system uses electronic delay stages and digital signal processing to achieve precise timing control, which is more stable and accurate when working with AC-coupled amplifiers
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables sampling of detection signals at optimal timing for improved image quality by maximizing contrast and reducing background noise, even when using an AC-coupled amplifier, thus enhancing the accuracy and clarity of images obtained.
Implementation Method 1
a pulsed-laser oscillation means which generates pulsed-laser oscillation to irradiate a pulsed laser beam to a test object
Implementation Method 2
a light detecting unit which receives light from the test object to output a detection signal
Data Source
AI summary
A laser scanning type observation apparatus includes a pulsed-laser oscillation means irradiating pulsed laser to an object, a detector receiving light from the object to output a detection signal, a means detecting pulsed-laser oscillation to output a synchronous signal, a circuit delaying the synchronous signal for an optional amount of time to output a trigger signal, a means sampling the detection signal in synchronization with the trigger signal, a memory storing the sampled detection signal, a setting unit capable of setting delay time for delaying the synchronous signal in two or more stages within one period of the synchronous signal, and a decision unit determining an optimum delay stage for image formation using data on intensities of the detection signal at the respective delay stages, wherein the setting means fixes delay time for delaying the synchronous signal at delay time corresponding to the delay stage determined by the decision unit.