Latch Relay Switch Control for Battery Pack Abnormality Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-output battery packs used in outdoor environments, such as electric vehicles and home or industrial power supplies, face reliability issues due to malfunctions and instability in detecting abnormalities, which existing protective circuits struggle to address effectively.
Innovation Solution
An electric storage apparatus with a potential difference measuring unit, a self-holding switch, a current measuring unit, and a switch controller that determines the operational state of the switch based on measured potential differences and currents, enhancing the accuracy of charging/discharging path or power path switching for reliable protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a simple protective circuit with a cutoff switch is used, then the device complexity is low, but the reliability and determination accuracy of abnormality detection deteriorate in high-output outdoor environments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms by continuously monitoring the control state of the cutoff switch and comparing it with the actual operational state determined through multiple measurement parameters (voltage, current, power). The system feeds back discrepancy information to determine abnormality, enabling dynamic adjustment and verification of the protective circuit's operation, thereby enhancing reliability without significantly increasing structural complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The protective circuit is designed to perform multiple functions: it not only cuts off power paths in emergency situations but also continuously monitors and determines the operational state of the cutoff switch through multiple measurement parameters. This multi-functionality allows a single circuit structure to achieve both protection and diagnostic capabilities, improving reliability while maintaining relatively simple device complexity.
2Measurement precision
If multiple measurement parameters are used to determine switch operational state, then the determination accuracy improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the measurement and determination process into distinct functional modules: a potential difference measuring unit for voltage measurement, a current measuring unit for current measurement, a power calculating unit for power calculation, and an operational state determining unit for final determination. This segmentation allows each module to perform a specific function with high precision while keeping the overall system architecture clear and manageable, thus improving measurement precision without excessively increasing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges multiple measurement functions (voltage measurement, current measurement, power calculation) and the determination logic into an integrated control system that works cooperatively. By combining these functions in a unified control architecture, the system achieves high determination accuracy through multiple parameters while avoiding the complexity that would arise from completely separate independent systems.
3Speed
If the cutoff switch is controlled based on single parameter, then the response speed is fast, but the determination accuracy of abnormality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary measurements of multiple parameters (potential difference, current, power) before making the final determination of abnormality. The operational state determining unit calculates all relevant parameters in advance and compares them with predetermined thresholds or each other to determine switch operational state. This preliminary action ensures that when the cutoff switch is activated, it is based on comprehensive data analysis, achieving both fast response and high determination accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an operational state determining unit as an intermediary between the measurement units and the cutoff switch control. This intermediary unit processes multiple measurement parameters (voltage, current, power) and synthesizes them into a comprehensive determination of switch operational state. By using this intermediary, the system achieves accurate abnormality detection through multi-parameter analysis while maintaining fast response through automated determination logic.
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
An electric storage apparatus (1) includes: a lithium-ion secondary cell (20); a battery voltage measuring unit (11) and a charging/discharging voltage measuring unit (12) for measuring a potential difference between two arbitrary points on a charging/discharging path; a current measuring unit (17) for measuring a current flowing on the charging/discharging path; a latch relay (30) disposed between the two points on the charging/discharging path; a switch controller (14) for driving the latch relay (30); and a drive determining unit (15) for determining the operational state of the latch relay (30) based on the control state of the switch controller (14) and at least one of the measurement result of the voltage measuring unit (11, 12) and the measurement result of the current measuring unit (17).