Lateral Flow Assay Imaging for Low-Level Fluorescent Biomarker Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lateral flow assays face challenges in accurately detecting and quantifying low levels of fluorescent biomarkers without specialized readers, particularly under non-visible spectrum conditions, which can be harmful to the human eye, and often result in inaccurate visual readings.
Innovation Solution
Automated systems capture multiple images of lateral flow test strips at predefined intervals, apply noise reduction filters, and combine pixel values to enhance image analysis, allowing for precise detection and quantification of biomarkers using controlled lighting and image processing techniques.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If visual reading under natural lighting is used, then the test can be performed without specialized equipment, but the detection accuracy for low levels of fluorescent biomarkers deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an automated reader as an intermediary device between the lateral flow test strip and the observer. This reader captures images of the test strip under controlled lighting conditions and processes them to detect fluorescent biomarkers, eliminating the need for direct visual reading while maintaining ease of operation. The reader acts as a mediator that bridges the gap between simple visual inspection and complex fluorescent detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/visual reading system with an automated imaging and analysis system. Instead of relying on human eyes to detect fluorescent signals, the system uses cameras to capture images and computational algorithms to quantify biomarker levels, substituting biological detection capabilities with electronic and computational systems.
2Measurement precision
If specialized readers with controlled lighting are used, then the detection accuracy for fluorescent biomarkers improves, but the device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the reading function into distinct modular components: an imaging system for capturing test strip images, a lighting system for controlled illumination, and an analysis system for processing images and quantifying biomarkers. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently and facilitates easier implementation and maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes by varying lighting conditions (e.g., using different wavelengths or intensities of light) and image processing parameters to optimize detection accuracy. The system can adjust these parameters dynamically to suit different test scenarios, achieving high detection accuracy without requiring overly complex hardware.
3Measurement precision
If multiple images are captured at predefined intervals, then the quantification precision of biomarkers improves, but the time required for analysis increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by capturing multiple images at predefined intervals during the test run, before final analysis is required. This allows the system to gather data in advance and process it efficiently, reducing the overall analysis time while maintaining high quantification precision through the accumulation of multiple measurements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method improves the accuracy and speed of detecting and quantifying low levels of biomarkers by reducing noise and enhancing image processing, enabling reliable results without specialized readers.
Implementation Method 1
The sample is then allowed to flow across a nitrocellulose membrane where it aggregates along a test line or lines if the target biomarker or analyte is present
Implementation Method 2
colored or fluorescent nanoparticle-infused antibodies are mixed with a sample so they can bind to target analytes
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosed methods and systems use multiple images of a sample test strip used in a lateral flow assay to enhance detection and improve quantification of analyte(s) present in a patient sample. The multiple images are combined into a single image, which is then collapsed into a signal representative of a single 2D image with reduced noise.