Lateral SiGe Bipolar Transistor Base Grading for Current Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

There is a need for improved structures and methods for forming bipolar junction transistors, particularly for lateral configurations, to enhance performance and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A lateral bipolar junction transistor structure is developed, featuring a semiconductor substrate with a first and second raised terminal and an intrinsic base positioned laterally between them, where the intrinsic base includes a silicon-germanium portion with a graded germanium concentration in both lateral and vertical directions, achieved through specific fabrication processes involving ion implantation and thermal diffusion.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a lateral bipolar junction transistor structure is used, then integration density and device performance are improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveintegration densityVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The transistor structure is divided into distinct lateral components (emitter, base, collector) arranged side-by-side on the substrate, enabling independent formation and integration of each component through separate processing steps while maintaining overall device functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The transistor layout transitions from a vertical stack to a lateral arrangement, utilizing the planar dimension of the substrate to position emitter, base, and collector regions horizontally, which improves integration density and enables new fabrication approaches

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If a graded germanium concentration in the intrinsic base is implemented, then transistor performance and current control are improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent controlVSAvoidgermanium concentration grading
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The germanium concentration in the intrinsic base is varied continuously as a gradient from one region to another, with higher concentration near the emitter and lower near the collector, to optimize carrier transport and current control characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the intrinsic base are assigned different germanium concentrations tailored to their specific functional requirements, with the graded profile providing locally optimized properties for carrier injection, transport, and collection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The graded germanium concentration in the intrinsic base improves the transistor's performance by controlling collector-emitter current effectively and optimizing material properties, leading to enhanced operational characteristics.

Implementation Method 1

The intrinsic base includes a portion comprising silicon-germanium with a germanium concentration that is graded in the lateral direction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGraded concentration diffusion: Diffusion

Implementation Method 2

achieved through specific fabrication processes involving ion implantation and thermal diffusion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon implantation: Ion Implantation

Implementation Method 3

achieved through specific fabrication processes involving ion implantation and thermal diffusion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal diffusion: Diffusion

Data Source

PatentEP4235795A1Lateral bipolar junction transistors including a graded silicon-germanium intrinsic base
Publication Date: 2023.08.30 GLOBALFOUNDRIES US INC
  • EP4235795A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4235795A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4235795A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A structure for a lateral bipolar junction transistor, the structure comprising: a semiconductor substrate (10); a first terminal (16), for example a collector, including a first raised semiconductor layer (16) on the semiconductor substrate (10); a second terminal (18), for example an emitter, including a second raised semiconductor layer (18) on the semiconductor substrate (10); and an intrinsic base (12, 30, 28) on the semiconductor substrate, the intrinsic base positioned in a lateral direction between the first raised semiconductor layer (16) of the first terminal and the second raised semiconductor layer (18) of the second terminal. The intrinsic base includes a first portion (30) comprising silicon-germanium with a first germanium concentration that is graded in the lateral direction, a second region (12) with a substantially uniform low germanium concentration and a third region (28) with a substantially uniform high germanium content.