Lattice-Based Attribute Encryption for Quantum Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current encryption systems are vulnerable to quantum computers, which can potentially break existing encryption systems, compromising security as quantum computing becomes more prevalent.
Innovation Solution
A lattice-based attribute-based encryption system is developed, where a master public key and secret key are generated using a set of attributes, allowing users to decrypt information only if their attributes match the encryption criteria, using trap door lattices and secret sharing schemes to ensure secure decryption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If current encryption systems are used, then ease of operation is maintained, but security is compromised due to quantum computer vulnerability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental mathematical parameters underlying encryption from traditional number-theoretic problems (factoring, discrete logarithms) to lattice-based problems (shortest vector problem, closest vector problem). This parameter change provides quantum resistance while maintaining operational functionality through attribute-based encryption mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes traditional cryptographic mechanisms with lattice-based cryptographic mechanisms. Specifically, it replaces RSA or ECC-based encryption with encryption schemes based on learning with errors (LWE) or learning with rounding (LWR) problems in lattice structures, providing quantum security.
2Reliability
If attribute-based encryption is implemented, then security and access control are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the encryption system into distinct components: master key generation, user key generation based on attribute sets, ciphertext generation with attribute labels, and decryption based on attribute matching. This segmentation simplifies key management by allowing users to be identified through attribute sets rather than individual keys.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal encryption framework where a single encryption scheme can handle multiple access control policies through different attribute sets. The same lattice-based cryptographic primitives serve multiple functions including key generation, encryption, and access control enforcement across different data and user scenarios.
Data Source
AI summary
A master public key is generated as a first set of lattices based on a set of attributes, along with a random vector. A master secret key is generated as a set of trap door lattices corresponding to the first set of lattices. A user secret key is generated for a user's particular set of attributes using the master secret key. The user secret key is a set of values in a vector that are chosen to satisfy a reconstruction function for reconstructing the random vector using the first set of lattices. Information is encrypted to a given set of attributes using the user secret key, the given set of attributes and the user secret key. The information is decrypted by a second user having the given set of attributes using the second user's secret key.