Laundry Load Inertia Estimation via Dual-Frequency Dither Signals

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for estimating load behavior in laundry treatment machines are not easy, reliable, or accurate, particularly in large drums with varying load inertia, leading to potential mechanical impacts between the tub and cabinet during resonance.

Innovation Solution

A method involving two operations with different speed controller parameters and bandwidths to determine load inertia and torque using equations (1) and (2), and a load torque observer that estimates load torque without additional hardware, allowing estimation at a constant angular speed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If an acceleration ramp is used to estimate load inertia, then the estimation can be performed, but it increases the risk of mechanical impact between the tub and cabinet during resonance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload inertia estimationVSAvoidmechanical impact
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies periodic action by using sinusoidal dither signals at two different frequencies (first and second frequencies) to excite the mechanical system. This periodic excitation allows estimation of load inertia through the response to these periodic inputs, avoiding the need for acceleration ramps that cause mechanical impacts during resonance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes mechanical vibration by introducing controlled vibrations through dither signals at specific frequencies. The system measures the response to these vibrations to determine load inertia, thereby avoiding mechanical impacts while achieving accurate estimation through vibrational analysis.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

2Quantity of substance

If the drum size and loading capacity are increased, then the laundry treatment machine can handle more laundry, but the space between the tub and cabinet decreases making precise estimation more critical

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelaundry capacityVSAvoidload unbalance estimation
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary approach by using dither signals as a mediating input to probe the system's response. This allows indirect measurement of load unbalance and inertia through the system's reaction to controlled excitations, enabling precise estimation even in large drums with reduced clearance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies parameter changes by varying the frequency parameters of the dither signals (using two different frequencies) to extract information about load inertia and unbalance. This parametric approach enables precise measurement without requiring physical changes to the drum-cabinet spacing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If additional hardware sensors are added to improve estimation accuracy, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload torque estimationVSAvoidhardware components
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies self-service by using the existing control unit and available sensors (encoder, current sensors) to perform load torque estimation. The control unit itself generates the dither signals and processes the response, making the system self-sufficient without requiring additional dedicated hardware sensors for measurement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent demonstrates universality by making the control unit perform multiple functions: generating dither signals, measuring system response, calculating load torque, and controlling the motor. This multi-functional approach eliminates the need for separate dedicated hardware components for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise estimation of load inertia and torque, avoiding mechanical impacts and optimizing resource use by estimating dry or wet loads without acceleration ramps, applicable to large drums and existing control units.

Implementation Method 1

The speed controller regulates the angular speed of the drive motor and is part of the speed control loop

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFeedback control: Feedback

Implementation Method 2

The drive motor rotates the drum around a horizontal rotational axis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic conversion: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

The washing unit is suspended to the cabinet by a set of springs and dampers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring suspension: Spring

Implementation Method 4

The washing unit is suspended to the cabinet by a set of springs and dampers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDamping: Damping

Implementation Method 5

The load torque observer enables an accurate and continuous estimation of the load torque

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTorque observation: Torque

Data Source

PatentEP4036300B1Method to estimate a load behavior in a laundry treatment machine and laundry treatment machine
Publication Date: 2026.01.21 HAIER GERMANY GMBH
  • EP4036300B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4036300B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4036300B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method to estimate a load behavior in a laundry treatment machine comprises the step of determining an inertia (Ĵt, ĴL) and/or a load torque caused by a load depending on a first torque signal Tem*1, a second torque signal Tem*2, a derivative ω˙1^ of a first angular speed signal and a derivative ω˙2^ of a second angular speed signal. These signals are based on a first operation and a second operation of the laundry treatment machine, wherein a controller of the laundry treatment machine is operated with different controller parameters (P1, P2). The method enables to estimate the load behavior in an easy, reliable and accurate manner.