Layered Distributed Ledger Architecture for Scalable Secure Transactions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional blockchain systems face inefficiencies in processing and storage demands, lack scalability, flexibility, and security, leading to limitations in transaction throughput and access, and are susceptible to inaccuracies and security vulnerabilities.
Innovation Solution
A scalable, secure, and adaptable distributed digital ledger transaction network utilizing a Byzantine-fault-tolerant consensus protocol, a new programming language with linear data types, and flexible storage and account management features, including authenticated data structures and smart contracts, to enhance efficiency, security, and flexibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional blockchain systems maintain duplicate databases across replicated servers, then security and decentralization are improved, but processing and storage demands increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the database into two distinct layers: a compact consensus ledger that is replicated across all validator nodes for security and consensus, and a separate state database that is maintained only by full node operators. This segmentation allows validator nodes to operate with minimal storage requirements while full nodes maintain the complete duplicate databases for security and verification purposes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a hierarchical dimension to the blockchain architecture by creating multiple layers of node functionality (validator nodes vs. full nodes). Validator nodes operate at one level with minimal data storage, while full nodes operate at another level maintaining complete duplicate databases. This dimensional separation resolves the contradiction between security (requiring duplicate databases) and storage demands (burdening all nodes equally).
2Manufacturing precision
If conventional blockchain systems sequentially analyze transactions across validator nodes, then consensus accuracy is improved, but transaction throughput decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action by having full nodes pre-analyze and validate transactions before they reach validator nodes. Full nodes perform preliminary consensus verification, transaction validation, and state updates in advance, so that validator nodes only need to verify pre-validated transaction batches. This preliminary processing maintains consensus accuracy while dramatically increasing transaction throughput.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces full nodes as intermediary entities between transaction submitters and validator nodes. Full nodes act as mediators that pre-process, validate, and prepare transactions for consensus, reducing the analytical burden on validator nodes. This intermediary layer enables parallel processing and maintains accuracy while improving overall system throughput.
3Ease of operation
If conventional blockchain systems provide unrestricted digital asset access to user accounts, then ease of operation is improved, but security vulnerability increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by implementing different access control mechanisms for different types of assets and different operational contexts. Instead of uniform unrestricted access or uniform restriction, the system provides localized access policies where users can set granular permissions for specific assets, time periods, and conditions. This allows ease of operation for legitimate accesses while maintaining security against unauthorized access through localized control points.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable storage media for implementing a scalable, secure, efficient, and adaptable distributed digital ledger transaction network. Indeed, the disclosed systems can reduce storage and processing requirements, improve security of implementing computing devices and underlying digital assets, accommodate a wide variety of different digital programs (or “smart contracts”), and scale to accommodate billions of users and associated digital transactions. For example, the disclosed systems can utilize a host of features that improve storage, account/address management, digital transaction execution, consensus, and synchronization processes. The disclosed systems can also utilize a new programming language that improves efficiency and security of the distributed digital ledger transaction network.