Layered Insulating Plug for Uniform DC Electric Field Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
The insulating layer group in X-ray tubes ages under high electric fields, leading to insulation breakdown and reduced service life, especially in direct current (DC) electric fields where capacitive coupling schemes are ineffective.
Innovation Solution
An insulating plug with a layered structure, comprising a first wire covered by a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer with higher volume resistivity, is used to reduce average electric field intensity between the high-voltage wire and the X-ray tube, ensuring uniform electric field distribution and extending the service life.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single insulating layer is used to isolate the high-voltage wire from the housing, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the insulating material ages under high electric field and insulation breakdown occurs, reducing service life
Solution Approach 1:
The insulating layer is divided into multiple sub-layers with different volume resistivities. The first insulating layer has a first volume resistivity and the second insulating layer has a second volume resistivity that is greater than the first, creating a gradient structure that distributes electric field stress more effectively and prevents insulation breakdown.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the insulating structure are assigned different material properties. The inner layer closer to the high-voltage wire has lower volume resistivity to handle higher electric field intensity, while the outer layer has higher volume resistivity, creating an optimized local property distribution that extends overall insulation life.
2Reliability
If the insulating layer group is made thicker to withstand higher voltages, then insulation performance improves, but the average electric field intensity increases and accelerates aging
Solution Approach 1:
The volume resistivity parameter is varied across different layers of the insulating structure. By creating a gradient where volume resistivity increases from the inner layer to the outer layer, the electric field is redistributed to achieve more uniform intensity across the thickness, preventing premature aging while maintaining insulation performance.
3Reliability
If capacitive coupling scheme is used to distribute electric field, then electric field distribution improves in AC fields, but the scheme is ineffective in direct current (DC) electric fields
Solution Approach 1:
The insulating structure uses layers with different volume resistivities optimized for DC field conditions. Each layer's resistivity is specifically tailored to handle the electric field distribution characteristics of DC operation, making the structure effective where capacitive coupling fails.
Solution Approach 2:
The insulating layer group combines different insulating materials with different volume resistivities in a layered composite structure. This composite approach creates a system that effectively manages electric field distribution in DC conditions while maintaining versatility across different operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The layered insulating plug effectively reduces electric field intensity and prevents insulation breakdown, extending the service life of the X-ray tube while maintaining uniformity in both AC and DC electric fields.
Implementation Method 1
a volume resistivity of the second insulating layer is greater than a volume resistivity of the first insulating layer... reduce average electric field intensity between the high-voltage wire and the X-ray tube... ensuring uniform electric field distribution
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an insulating plug, a high-voltage cable, and an X-ray tube. The insulating plug includes a first wire and an insulating layer group covering the first wire. The insulating layer group includes at least two insulating layers. The insulating layer group includes a first insulating layer covering the first wire, and a second insulating layer covering the first insulating layer. A volume resistivity of the second insulating layer is greater than a volume resistivity of the first insulating layer.