Layered Insulation Sheet for Battery Heat Propagation Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-capacity rechargeable batteries are prone to thermal runaway, leading to heat propagation between adjacent cells, which poses safety hazards such as fire.
Innovation Solution
An insulation sheet with alternating layers of materials, including a substrate and an insulation layer, optionally enhanced with additives and a heat storage layer, is used to reduce or prevent heat propagation between battery cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If multiple battery cells are stacked adjacent to each other to form high-capacity battery modules, then energy density and capacity are improved, but heat propagation between cells increases leading to safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
An insulation sheet is introduced as an intermediary material between adjacent battery cells. The sheet includes a base layer made of heat-resistant material (such as polyimide or ceramic-coated fabric) with thickness of 0.5-2mm, and optionally a coating layer with phase change materials or heat-absorbing substances. This intermediary structure physically separates the cells and provides thermal insulation, preventing heat propagation while maintaining the high-density stacking configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The insulation sheet employs composite material structure combining heat-resistant base materials (polyimide, aramid, or ceramic-coated fabrics) with functional coating layers containing phase change materials, heat-absorbing substances, or fire-retardant compounds. This composite approach provides both mechanical strength for structural support and enhanced thermal management properties, allowing the battery module to maintain high capacity while improving safety against thermal runaway.
2Reliability
If insulation material is added between battery cells to prevent heat propagation, then fire resistance is improved, but mechanical strength may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The base layer of the insulation sheet is constructed from high-temperature resistant materials such as polyimide, aramid, or ceramic-coated fabrics with controlled thickness of 0.5-2mm. These materials inherently provide both fire resistance and adequate mechanical strength. The material parameters are optimized to balance thermal insulation performance with structural requirements, ensuring the sheet can withstand compression forces in battery modules while maintaining fire safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The insulation sheet uses composite construction with a heat-resistant base layer (polyimide, aramid, or ceramic-coated fabric) providing mechanical strength and structural integrity, combined with functional coating layers containing phase change materials, heat-absorbing substances, or fire-retardant compounds. This composite structure ensures both fire resistance and sufficient mechanical strength to maintain battery module integrity under various operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The insulation sheet effectively blocks heat transfer, enhances fire resistance, and improves mechanical strength, thereby improving the safety and performance of battery modules.
Implementation Method 1
an insulation sheet that reduces or prevents heat propagation
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an insulation sheet, and a battery module including the insulation sheet. The insulation sheet includes one or more first layers, and one or more second layers alternately stacked with the first layers, wherein at least one of the one or more second layers includes an insulation material and an additive configured to improve a coating uniformity thereof.