Layered Radome Faraday Cage Lightning Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing radomes that protect antennas from physical damage and allow radio wave propagation are vulnerable to lightning strikes and electromagnetic pulses due to gaps required for wave transmission, which compromise the protection of sensitive electronics.

Innovation Solution

A radome system with a layered structure comprising an external structural layer, a core layer with alternating Faraday cage and artificial dielectric layers, which fully encloses the antenna without the need for physical windows, ensuring transparency to radio waves within a predetermined frequency band while providing robust lightning and electromagnetic pulse protection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If gaps are formed in the radome for radio wave propagation, then radio wave transmission is enabled, but the antenna becomes vulnerable to lightning strikes and electromagnetic pulses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradio wave transmissionVSAvoidlightning strike vulnerability
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The radome is segmented into multiple thin conductive layers separated by dielectric layers, creating a distributed Faraday cage structure. This segmentation allows the structure to block electromagnetic pulses and lightning strikes while maintaining radio wave transmission through the alternating layer configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The radome uses a composite structure combining conductive materials (for lightning protection) with dielectric materials (for radio wave transmission). This composite layered structure integrates both protective and transparent functions without requiring physical windows or gaps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If a continuous Faraday cage structure is used for lightning protection, then electromagnetic pulse protection is improved, but radio wave transmission is blocked

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectromagnetic pulse protectionVSAvoidradio wave transmission
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The continuous Faraday cage is segmented into multiple thin conductive layers separated by dielectric layers. This segmentation creates a distributed structure that blocks high-frequency electromagnetic pulses and lightning strikes while allowing radio waves to pass through the alternating layer configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The solution transitions from a two-dimensional planar Faraday cage to a three-dimensional layered structure with conductive and dielectric layers alternating in the thickness direction. This dimensional change enables simultaneous electromagnetic pulse blocking and radio wave transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The radome system effectively protects antennas from lightning strikes and electromagnetic pulses by being fully enclosed in a Faraday cage material, maintaining transparency to operational radio frequencies and enhancing overall protection without the need for physical windows.

Implementation Method 1

the core layer including a Faraday cage layer positioned between artificial dielectric layers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFaraday cage: Faraday Cage

Implementation Method 2

selecting the Faraday cage layer and the artificial dielectric layers such that the radome is substantially transparent to radio waves over the predetermined frequency band

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic wave transmission: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2916387B1Lightning protected radome system
Publication Date: 2021.06.16 THE BOEING CO
  • EP2916387B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2916387B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2916387B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3L

AI summary

A radome system including an antenna, the antenna operating within a predetermined frequency band, and a radome defining an enclosed volume, wherein the antenna is housed within the enclosed volume, the radome including a layered structure having an external surface and an internal surface, the layered structure including an external structural layer proximate the external surface and a core layer below the external structural layer, the core layer including a Faraday cage layer positioned between artificial dielectric layers.