Layered Silicate with Partial Amino Acid Exchange for Easy Delamination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing layered silicates that are completely replaced with protonated amino acids do not easily delaminate into single clay lamellae, which hinders their effectiveness in improving barrier properties.
Innovation Solution
A layered silicate with a molar ratio of inorganic monovalent cations to organic cations ranging from 0.20:0.80 to 0.80:0.20, allowing for partial exchange of inorganic interlayer cations with protonated amino acids, facilitating easy and often spontaneous delamination into single lamellae.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If complete replacement of inorganic interlayer cations with protonated amino acids is performed, then organic modification is maximized, but delamination into single clay lamellae is hindered
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by performing incomplete cation exchange, where only a portion (20-80%) of the inorganic interlayer cations are replaced with organic amino acid cations. This partial modification optimizes the balance between organic functionality and delamination capability, as complete replacement would overly stabilize the interlayer structure and prevent spontaneous exfoliation into single lamellae.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the cation exchange parameter from complete (100%) to partial (20-80%), creating an optimal intermediate state. This parameter adjustment allows the layered silicate to maintain sufficient inorganic cations for structural integrity while having enough organic cations for desired functionality, enabling both good delamination and effective barrier properties.
2Adaptability or versatility
If complete replacement of inorganic interlayer cations with protonated amino acids is performed, then amino acid functionality is maximized, but barrier property effectiveness is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by performing incomplete cation exchange, where only a portion (20-80%) of the inorganic interlayer cations are replaced with organic amino acid cations. This partial modification optimizes the balance between organic functionality and delamination capability, as complete replacement would overly stabilize the interlayer structure and prevent spontaneous exfoliation into single lamellae.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite interlayer structure containing both inorganic monovalent cations (Na+, K+, Li+) and organic amino acid cations. This composite approach combines the advantages of both types: inorganic cations maintain structural integrity and enable delamination, while organic cations provide amino acid functionality, resulting in a material with both delamination ease and barrier effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The layered silicate effectively improves barrier properties by delaminating into single lamellae, enhancing the barrier performance of polymer and coating layers.
Implementation Method 1
the interlayer cations comprise inorganic monovalent cations comprising at least one of Na +, K +, and Li +, and organic cations comprising at least one protonated amino acid, wherein the inorganic monovalent cations are less than completely exchanged by the organic cations
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a layered silicate having interlayer cations, wherein the interlayer cations comprise a) inorganic monovalent cations comprising at least one of Na+, K+, and Li+, and b) organic cations comprising at least one protonated amino acid.