Layered Solid Electrolyte Battery for Low Resistance and Crack Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional solid electrolytes in batteries are prone to microcracks and have high resistance, which affects their performance.
Innovation Solution
A battery design with a first electrolyte layer containing a solid electrolyte material comprising an alkali metal element, a metal element or metalloid element, and a halogen element, and a second electrolyte layer, where the first electrolyte layer is disposed between the positive and second electrolyte layers, with specific composition and thickness ratios to minimize microcracks and improve ion conduction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional solid electrolyte is used, then the battery structure is simplified and safety is improved, but the resistance is high and microcracks are likely to occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite solid electrolyte layer combining oxide-based solid electrolyte and sulfide-based solid electrolyte in a layered structure. The oxide-based layer (containing Li, La, Zr, O) provides mechanical strength and safety, while the sulfide-based layer (containing Li, P, S, Cl) provides low resistance and high ion conductivity. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by integrating the advantages of both material systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different material compositions to different regions of the electrolyte layer. The oxide-based solid electrolyte is positioned in specific layers to provide structural stability and crack resistance, while the sulfide-based solid electrolyte is positioned in other layers to minimize resistance. This local differentiation of material properties allows simultaneous achievement of safety and low resistance.
2Device complexity
If a single-material electrolyte layer is used, then the structure is simple, but microcracks are likely to occur and ion conduction is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The electrolyte layer is segmented into multiple sub-layers with different material compositions (oxide-based and sulfide-based solid electrolytes). Each sub-layer has optimized thickness and composition ratios (e.g., oxide-based layer thickness of 1-10 μm, sulfide-based layer thickness of 10-100 μm). This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specialized function while collectively achieving both structural integrity and high ion conduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite layered structure where oxide-based solid electrolyte (providing mechanical strength) and sulfide-based solid electrolyte (providing ion conductivity) are combined. The specific composition ratios and layering configuration enable the composite structure to simultaneously resist microcracks and maintain low resistance for efficient ion transport.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If high ion conduction is achieved using sulfide-based electrolyte, then resistance is reduced, but the material is softer and more prone to microcracks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines sulfide-based solid electrolyte (low resistance, high ion conductivity) with oxide-based solid electrolyte (high mechanical strength, crack resistance) in a composite layered structure. The sulfide-based layer provides the necessary ion conduction pathways while the oxide-based layer provides mechanical reinforcement, preventing microcrack formation even in the softer sulfide regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent positions the oxide-based solid electrolyte in specific layers adjacent to the sulfide-based layers, creating local regions of enhanced mechanical strength where needed. The oxide-based layer acts as a protective framework that prevents microcrack propagation in the softer sulfide-based regions, allowing the sulfide material to function at its full ion conduction potential without suffering from its inherent mechanical weaknesses.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design reduces the likelihood of microcracks and enhances ion conduction, resulting in improved charge and discharge characteristics by maintaining a stable ion conduction path.
Implementation Method 1
a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer, the first electrolyte layer is disposed between the positive electrode and the second electrolyte layer, the first electrolyte layer contains a solid electrolyte material containing an alkali metal element, a metal element except alkali metal elements or a metalloid element, and a halogen element
Data Source
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AI summary
A battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the electrolyte layer includes a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer, the first electrolyte layer is disposed between the positive electrode and the second electrolyte layer, the first electrolyte layer contains a material different from a material of the second electrolyte layer, the first electrolyte layer contains a solid electrolyte material containing an alkali metal element, a metal element except alkali metal elements or a metalloid element, and a halogen element, and the metal element except alkali metal elements or the metalloid element includes at least one of Zr and In.