Liquid Crystal Display Grating Alignment for Uniform Light Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing optical waveguide display devices suffer from poor uniformity in the orientation layer due to non-uniform coating of polyimide (PI), leading to a degraded light exiting effect.
Innovation Solution
A display module with a first and second substrate cell-assembled together, featuring a liquid crystal layer with positive liquid crystal molecules, gratings on the first electrode, and drive electrodes, where the refractive indices of the electrodes and substrates are optimized to control liquid crystal orientation, ensuring uniform light transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If polyimide (PI) is coated directly on the array substrate to induce liquid crystal molecule orientation, then the array substrate can be oriented, but the orientation layer uniformity is poor and light exiting effect is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an insulating layer as an intermediary between the array substrate and the liquid crystal layer. This insulating layer serves as a mediator that enables uniform liquid crystal molecule orientation without requiring direct PI coating on the substrate, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and manufacturing precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical rubbing alignment method (PI coating) with an electric field-based alignment method using gratings and drive electrodes. This substitution eliminates the uniformity issues associated with PI coating while maintaining the orientation function, resolving the contradiction between ease of manufacture and manufacturing precision.
2Ease of operation
If traditional rubbing alignment technology is used to orient substrates, then liquid crystal molecules can be induced to arrange, but the light exiting effect is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical rubbing alignment system with an electric field-based alignment system using gratings and drive electrodes. This substitution maintains the substrate orientation capability while significantly improving the light exiting effect by eliminating the scattering issues associated with rubbing alignment, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and illumination intensity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows for precise control of liquid crystal molecule orientation, enhancing light exiting efficiency and addressing the issue of non-uniformity in the orientation layer, thereby improving the display's grayscale mode performance.
Implementation Method 1
a refractive index of each of the plurality of gratings lies between the normal refractive index no and an abnormal refractive index ne of the liquid crystal
Implementation Method 2
the liquid crystal layer includes only positive liquid crystal molecules; wherein both a refractive index of the first electrode and a refractive index of the first substrate are greater than a normal refractive index no of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer
Data Source
AI summary
The display module includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode, and a plurality of gratings and drive electrodes, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes only positive liquid crystal molecules; both a refractive index of the first electrode and a refractive index of the first substrate are greater than a normal refractive index no of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer; and a refractive index of each of the plurality of gratings lies between the normal refractive index no and an abnormal refractive index ne of the liquid crystal.