Liquid Crystal Display Alignment Layer Thickness Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Vertically aligned mode liquid crystal displays face challenges with high phase transition temperature liquid crystal layers, leading to increased response speed and black luminance, which can result in decreased contrast ratio and poor viewing angles.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display design featuring a first insulation substrate with a gate line and data line, a pixel electrode, an alignment layer thicker than the pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer between the substrates, which controls voltage differences across subpixel electrodes to manage liquid crystal molecule tilt angles and luminance, thereby enhancing contrast ratio and side visibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a liquid crystal layer with high phase transition temperature is used, then the response speed is improved, but the black luminance increases leading to decreased contrast ratio
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the thickness parameter of the alignment layer (making it larger than the pixel electrode thickness) to control the liquid crystal molecule alignment and reduce black luminance, thereby resolving the contradiction between response speed and contrast ratio
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple domains are formed to achieve wide viewing angle, then the reference viewing angle is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional structures
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses parameter changes by optimizing the alignment layer thickness relative to the pixel electrode thickness to achieve wide viewing angles without requiring complex multi-domain structures, thus reducing device complexity while maintaining adaptability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively reduces black luminance and maintains an excellent contrast ratio, even with high phase transition temperature liquid crystals, by varying charged voltages across subpixels and optimizing the thickness ratio of the alignment layer to the pixel electrode.
Implementation Method 1
The domains may be formed by the above methods, by aligning the liquid crystal in a vertical direction with respect to a fringe field formed between an edge of the cutout or the protrusion and the field generating electrode facing the edge
Implementation Method 2
The liquid crystal display generates an electric field in the liquid crystal layer by applying a voltage to the field generating electrodes, and determines the direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer by the generated electric field, thus controlling polarization of incident light to display images
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display, including: a first insulation substrate; a gate line and a data line positioned on the first insulation substrate and crossing each other; a first passivation layer positioned on the gate line and the data line; a pixel electrode positioned on the first passivation layer; an alignment layer positioned on the pixel electrode; a second insulation substrate facing the first insulation substrate; and a liquid crystal positioned between the first insulation substrate and the second insulation substrate. A thickness of the alignment layer is larger than a thickness of the pixel electrode.