Liquid Crystal Display Conductive Layer Light Leak Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display devices face challenges in maintaining a high aperture ratio and preventing light leak between pixels, especially in high-fineness panels, where a large black matrix can decrease the ratio and increase misalignment issues.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display device configuration that includes a conductive layer between neighboring pixel electrodes, opposing the counter-electrode via the liquid crystal layer, which applies a black display voltage to block light, eliminating the need for a wide black matrix and ensuring effective light blocking without misalignment considerations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a black matrix is disposed on the counter-substrate side to prevent light leak between pixels, then light blocking between pixels is improved, but the aperture ratio decreases due to the required large width
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an electrically conductive layer as an intermediary element between neighboring pixel electrodes. This conductive layer serves as a mediator to establish electrical potential differences that control liquid crystal orientation, thereby preventing light leak without requiring a wide black matrix structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/optical approach of using a wide black matrix for light blocking with an electrical approach. By applying voltages to the conductive layer, the liquid crystal molecules are electrically controlled to orient in specific directions, achieving light blocking through electrical field manipulation rather than physical obstruction.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the width of the black matrix is increased to prevent light leak in oblique viewing, then light blocking is improved, but the aperture ratio and pixel fineness decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the controlling parameter from physical dimension (black matrix width) to electrical parameter (voltage applied to conductive layer). By adjusting voltage levels, the liquid crystal orientation can be controlled to prevent light leak in various viewing conditions without altering the physical dimensions of the pixel structure, thereby maintaining pixel fineness.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If a black matrix is used to block light between pixels, then light leak is prevented, but the device complexity increases due to misalignment considerations
Solution Approach 1:
The conductive layer is integrated directly into the pixel electrode structure, forming an unified element that automatically maintains proper alignment with the liquid crystal layer. This self-integrated structure eliminates the need for separate black matrix alignment processes and reduces complexity associated with misalignment between different layers.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves the aperture ratio, suppresses contrast ratio decreases due to light leak, and maintains good display quality, even when viewed obliquely, by ensuring effective light blocking between pixels without the need for a large-width black matrix.
Implementation Method 1
a liquid crystal layer which is held between a pair of substrates
Implementation Method 2
an electrically conductive layer which is disposed to be opposed to the counter-electrode via the liquid crystal layer between neighboring ones of the pixel electrodes, and has such a potential as to provide a black display voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display device is configured such that a liquid crystal layer is held between a pair of substrates. The liquid crystal display device includes, in a display area including a plurality of pixels, pixel electrodes which are disposed in association with the respective pixels, a counter-electrode which is disposed to be opposed to the pixel electrodes via the liquid crystal layer, scanning lines which are disposed along a row direction of the pixels, signal lines which are disposed along a column direction of the pixels, and an electrically conductive layer which is disposed to be opposed to the counter-electrode via the liquid crystal layer between neighboring ones of the pixel electrodes, and has such a potential as to provide a black display voltage relative to a potential of the counter-electrode.