Liquid Crystal Display Data Line Reduction and Haze Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays with electrodes on the same substrate face issues such as reduced optical transmittance due to haze effects, damage to drain electrodes during manufacturing, and increased manufacturing costs due to the need for more data lines as display sizes increase, along with potential short circuits from static electricity.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display design with a reduced number of data lines by alternating their placement between pixel columns, using a common voltage line connected through a contact hole with an insulating layer, and a common electrode overlapped with pixel electrodes to prevent short circuits and maintain aperture ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the pixel electrode and common electrode are disposed on the same substrate to achieve wide viewing angle, then viewing angle is improved, but optical transmittance is reduced due to haze effect from chemical reduction reaction between electrodes
Solution Approach 1:
An insulating layer is introduced as an intermediary between the pixel electrode and common electrode. This insulating layer prevents direct chemical interaction between the two electrodes, eliminating the haze effect while allowing both electrodes to remain on the same substrate for wide viewing angle performance.
2Device complexity
If the pixel electrode directly contacts the drain electrode to simplify connection, then manufacturing complexity is reduced, but the drain electrode is damaged by etchant used to pattern the pixel electrode
Solution Approach 1:
The insulating layer serves as a protective intermediary between the pixel electrode and drain electrode. During the etching process to pattern the pixel electrode, the insulating layer protects the drain electrode from etchant damage while still allowing electrical connection through contact holes.
3Reliability
If a contact hole is formed to connect the common electrode with the common voltage line, then electrical connection is achieved, but the aperture ratio is deteriorated
Solution Approach 1:
The common electrode is designed with a multi-pronged structure that extends in the horizontal direction, allowing the contact hole to be positioned between gate lines rather than within the pixel aperture area. This spatial reconfiguration maintains aperture ratio while achieving electrical connection.
4Area of stationary object
If the display size is increased to meet market demands, then display area is improved, but the number of data lines increases and manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
Adjacent pixel columns share common data lines, reducing the total number of data lines required. This merging approach allows larger display areas to be achieved without proportionally increasing the number of data lines and associated manufacturing complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces manufacturing costs, prevents optical transmittance reduction, and minimizes the risk of short circuits while maintaining a wide viewing angle and aperture ratio.
Implementation Method 1
the common voltage line and the common electrode are connected with each other through a common contact hole, the common contact hole being formed through the insulating layer
Implementation Method 2
the pixel-electrode and opposed common electrode are respectively disposed on spaced apart substrates... the electric field through the liquid crystal layer is typically formed by applying a voltage between a so-called, pixel-electrode and an opposed common electrode
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display uses a layout which reduces the number of data lines relative to the number of pixel columns by providing one data line for every two pixel columns. The display is structured to prevent a passivation layer from becoming opaque due to a manufacturing haze effect by forming the pixel electrode below a gate insulating layer. It is structured to prevent a drain electrode from being damaged due to an etchant used for patterning the pixel electrode. Further, it is structured to prevent a short circuit between a common voltage line and a gate line while not substantially reducing an aperture ratio by disposing a common voltage contact hole for electrically connecting the common voltage line with a common electrode between vertically extending portions of two gate lines that generally extend horizontally.