Liquid Crystal Display Electrode Domain Configuration for Viewing Angle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays in vertically aligned mode face challenges with reduced side visibility compared to front visibility, and existing methods to enhance viewing angles often compromise aperture ratio.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a pixel electrode and common electrode with plate-like and minute branches arranged in specific domains, allowing liquid crystal molecules in vertical central regions to orient horizontally and those in horizontal central regions to orient vertically, improving side visibility and aperture ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If liquid crystal display uses vertically aligned mode with conventional electrode structures, then contrast ratio is improved, but side visibility is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple domains (first, second, third, and fourth domains) with different electrode configurations. Each domain contains plate-like electrodes and minute branches arranged in specific patterns, creating distinct liquid crystal alignment regions that collectively improve side visibility while maintaining high contrast ratio through domain-based light control
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel electrode are assigned different structures: plate-like electrodes in certain domains for strong vertical alignment control, and minute branches in other domains for enhanced lateral field distribution. This local differentiation allows each region to contribute optimally to both contrast ratio and side visibility
2Ease of operation
If conventional electrode structures are used to enhance viewing angle, then side visibility is improved, but aperture ratio is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using complete fringe field structures across the entire electrode, the invention applies minute branches only in specific domains where they are most effective for side visibility. This partial application maintains aperture ratio while achieving sufficient viewing angle enhancement through strategic placement in second and fourth domains
Solution Approach 2:
The electrode structure transitions from conventional two-dimensional planar electrodes to a three-dimensional configuration with plate-like electrodes extending vertically and minute branches creating lateral fields. This dimensional enhancement improves side visibility without proportionally increasing electrode area, thus preserving aperture ratio
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances side visibility and aperture ratio by controlling liquid crystal molecule orientation, resulting in improved image quality and reduced gamma value, which approaches front visibility from the side.
Implementation Method 1
the field generating electrode is applied with a voltage to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal layer and an orientation of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is determined and polarization of incident light is controlled based on the generated electric field
Implementation Method 2
These methods may form the plurality of domains by aligning the liquid crystal molecules in a direction vertical to a fringe field by a fringe field formed between an edge of the cut part or the protrusion and the field generating electrode facing the edge
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a liquid crystal display, including: a first substrate; a plurality of pixel electrodes comprising a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate and including a plate-like electrode having a plate shape and a plurality of minute branches extending from a side of the plate-like electrode to the outside; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a plurality of common electrodes comprising a common electrode disposed below the second substrate and including a plurality of minute branches positioned to correspond to the plate-like electrode of the pixel electrode and the plate-like electrode positioned to corresponding to the plurality of minute branches of the pixel electrode; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.