LCD Electrode Design for Horizontal Viewing Angle and Transmittance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display (LCD) devices in the horizontal slit mode exhibit lower transmittance compared to the vertical slit mode due to disclination of liquid crystals, which affects viewing angle characteristics, particularly in applications like vehicle monitors where horizontal viewing angles are more significant.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a second electric field generating electrode with a stem electrode extending parallel to the data line and branch electrodes at a predetermined angle, where the interval between the stem electrode and the data line is less than the interval between the branch electrodes and the data line, reducing the disclination area and enhancing transmittance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the horizontal slit mode is used to achieve wide horizontal viewing angle, then the viewing angle characteristic in horizontal direction is improved, but the transmittance is reduced due to liquid crystal disclination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating different electrode configurations in different regions of the pixel. The first electrode has a different shape and orientation than the second electrode, with each electrode region having optimized properties for its local function. This allows different parts of the liquid crystal layer to experience different electric field patterns, reducing overall disclination while maintaining wide viewing angles.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs asymmetry by designing electrodes with non-symmetric shapes and orientations. The first electrode extends in a first direction while the second electrode extends in a second direction that is not parallel to the first direction. This asymmetric configuration creates balanced electric fields that counteract the disclination effects that would otherwise occur in symmetric horizontal slit mode designs.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the H-slit mode is applied for vehicle monitors to improve horizontal viewing angle, then the viewing angle in horizontal direction is improved, but the transmittance characteristic deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by creating a multi-domain electrode configuration where electric fields can be dynamically distributed across different regions. The non-parallel electrode arrangements create multiple electric field domains that can adaptively control liquid crystal orientation, reducing disclination effects while maintaining the horizontal viewing angle characteristics needed for vehicle monitor applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases transmittance by up to 11% compared to conventional LCD devices, improving viewing angle characteristics and addressing the transmittance limitations of the horizontal slit mode.
Implementation Method 1
liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are rearranged by voltages that are applied to the two electrodes, thereby adjusting the amount of transmitted light
Implementation Method 2
a first electric field generating electrode on the first substrate; and a second electric field generating electrode on the first substrate
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display device includes: a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; a gate line extending in a first direction on the first substrate; a data line extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction on the first substrate; a first electric field generating electrode on the first substrate; and a second electric field generating electrode on the first substrate, wherein the second electric field generating electrode includes a stem electrode extending in parallel to the data line and branch electrodes extending from the stem electrode forming a predetermined angle with respect to the gate line, and an interval between the stem electrode and a data line adjacent thereto differs from an interval between the branch electrodes and a data line adjacent thereto.