LCD Electrode Ends in Non-Display Regions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display (LCD) devices suffer from transmittance deterioration at the ends of pixel and common electrodes, leading to reduced brightness and contrast due to misalignment of liquid crystal molecules with polarizing plates, which affects the aperture ratio.
Innovation Solution
The design positions the ends of pixel and common electrodes in non-display regions, overlapping with non-transparent common lines, and includes canted ends and extension portions to prevent transmittance deterioration, improving light transmittance and aperture ratio by aligning liquid crystal molecules correctly with polarizing axes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of moving object
If the ends of pixel and common electrodes are positioned in display regions to maximize aperture ratio, then the aperture ratio is improved, but transmittance deteriorates at the electrode ends due to misalignment of liquid crystal molecules with polarizing plates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the problematic electrode ends from the display region by positioning them in non-display regions. Specifically, the pixel electrode ends and common electrode ends are deliberately placed in non-display regions where they overlap with non-transparent common lines, removing them from the light-transmitting display area and eliminating the transmittance deterioration issue while preserving the aperture ratio of the functional display region
Solution Approach 2:
The non-transparent common lines serve as an intermediary element that absorbs or blocks light in the non-display regions. By positioning electrode ends in regions where they overlap with these non-transparent common lines, the patent uses the common lines as a mediator to prevent light leakage and eliminate the misalignment issue at electrode ends, as these regions are already excluded from the display function
2Illumination intensity
If electrode ends are positioned in non-display regions overlapping with non-transparent common lines to prevent transmittance deterioration, then light transmittance is improved, but the aperture ratio may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating between display and non-display regions. In the display region, the aperture ratio is maximized for optimal performance, while in the non-display region, the electrode ends are deliberately positioned to overlap with non-transparent common lines. This localized approach ensures that the aperture ratio improvement in the display region is not compromised by the electrode end positioning in the non-display region
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the substrate into display and non-display regions, with the electrode ends specifically positioned in the non-display region. This segmentation allows the display region to maintain high aperture ratio and light transmittance while the non-display region accommodates the electrode ends overlapping with non-transparent common lines, preventing transmittance deterioration without affecting the functional display area
3Illumination intensity
If canted ends and extension portions are added to electrodes to prevent transmittance deterioration, then manufacturing complexity increases, but light transmittance and contrast are improved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the electrode end structures with the non-transparent common lines in the non-display region. By designing the pixel and common electrodes to overlap with the non-transparent common lines at their ends, the patent combines multiple functions: the electrode ends are positioned to prevent transmittance deterioration while simultaneously utilizing the existing non-transparent common line structure, thereby reducing the need for additional separate structures and minimizing fabrication complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances light transmittance and maintains a high aperture ratio by positioning the electrode ends in non-display areas, reducing light leakage and improving contrast, while maintaining the ability to express gray scales through liquid crystal rotation.
Implementation Method 1
LCDs control electric fields applied to liquid crystal cells to modulate light incident to the liquid crystal cells, thereby displaying an image
Implementation Method 2
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) control electric fields applied to liquid crystal cells to modulate light incident to the liquid crystal cells
Implementation Method 3
an alignment film is positioned over the signal lines and the thin film transistors for aligning the liquid crystal material
Implementation Method 4
a black matrix to prevent light leakage
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display device includes a gate line and a data line crossing each other to define a pixel region, a thin film transistor positioned at the crossing of the gate line and the data line, a common line extending in parallel to the gate line, a common electrode connected to the common line and having common finger portions extending into the pixel region, and a pixel electrode connected to a drain electrode of the thin film transistor and having pixel finger portions extending into the pixel region and overlapping the common line.