LCD Electrode Segmentation for Viewing Angle and Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Vertical alignment mode liquid crystal displays (LCDs) suffer from poor lateral visibility and reduced aperture ratio due to cutouts and protrusions, which cause disorientation of liquid crystal molecules and light leakage, leading to deteriorated display characteristics.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a liquid crystal display with first and second regions on the panels having different light transmittance and tilt angles, utilizing cutouts or protrusions with singularities such as concavities or convexities on the pixel or common electrodes to define tilt directions, and alternating arrangements of these features to enhance light transmittance and visibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If cutouts and protrusions are used to define tilt directions of liquid crystal molecules, then the reference viewing angle is widened, but the aperture ratio is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple regions (first region and second region) with different light transmittance characteristics. The first region has higher light transmittance while the second region has lower light transmittance, allowing each segment to serve different functions in controlling liquid crystal orientation and light transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel electrode are assigned different local properties: the first region is designed with higher light transmittance and the second region with lower light transmittance. This local differentiation allows optimization of both viewing angle and aperture ratio by having specific regions perform specific functions.
2Area of stationary object
If the size of pixel electrodes is maximized to increase aperture ratio, then the aperture ratio is improved, but strong lateral electric fields between pixel electrodes cause disorientation of liquid crystal molecules resulting in textures and light leakage
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is segmented into first and second regions with different light transmittance. This segmentation allows the electrode to maintain larger overall size for high aperture ratio while having specific regions (first region with higher transmittance) that control lateral electric field effects and prevent liquid crystal disorientation.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel electrode have different local qualities in terms of light transmittance. The first region with higher transmittance helps mitigate lateral electric field effects and prevent light leakage, while the second region with lower transmittance allows for larger overall electrode size, thus achieving both high aperture ratio and good display characteristics.
3Adaptability or versatility
If cutouts are used to define tilt directions, then tilt directions are distributed into several directions to widen viewing angle, but lateral visibility deteriorates due to light leakage and disoriented liquid crystal molecules
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into first and second regions with different light transmittance characteristics. The first region with higher light transmittance compensates for light leakage issues in lateral viewing directions, while the overall segmented structure maintains multiple tilt directions for wide viewing angle.
Solution Approach 2:
The first region is designed with higher light transmittance to specifically address lateral visibility issues, while the second region with lower transmittance maintains the tilt direction control functionality. This local quality differentiation allows simultaneous achievement of wide viewing angle and good lateral visibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves lateral visibility and maintains high contrast ratio by adjusting tilt directions of liquid crystal molecules, compensating for light transmittance differences between regions, thus enhancing the overall display characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
The LCD displays images by applying voltages to the field-generating electrodes to generate an electric field in the LC layer, which determines orientations of LC molecules in the LC layer to adjust polarization of incident light
Implementation Method 2
a vertical alignment (VA) mode LCD, which aligns LC molecules such that the long axes of the LC molecules are perpendicular to the panels in absence of electric field
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display includes opening patterns in the electrodes or protrusions on the electrodes. The opening patterns or the protrusions have a pattern which controls the direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Thus the quality of the LCD can be improved.