Transmissive LCD Light Utilization via Insulator Refraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing transmissive-type liquid crystal display devices face issues with low light utilization efficiency due to light shielding by the light-shielding layer, which also leads to deterioration of liquid crystal molecules and reduced reliability of light resistance.
Innovation Solution
A transmissive-type liquid crystal display device design featuring a first substrate with a light-shielding body in a grid pattern, a pixel electrode, and insulators with specific refractive indices and lens members to refract light in a way that reduces light condensation and increases light guidance to the pixel electrode, enhancing light utilization efficiency while maintaining light resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a light-shielding layer is provided to prevent malfunction due to light application to the switching element, then reliability of light resistance is improved, but utilization efficiency of light decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the insulating layer into two distinct layers: a first insulating layer with light-shielding function and a second insulating layer with light-transmitting function. This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specific function optimally - the first layer protects the switching element from light, while the second layer transmits light to the pixel electrode, thereby resolving the contradiction between light shielding and light transmission efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different material properties to different regions and layers: the first insulating layer uses a material with low light transmissivity for shielding, while the second insulating layer uses a material with high light transmissivity for light transmission. This local differentiation of material quality enables simultaneous achievement of light shielding where needed and light transmission where needed.
2Loss of energy
If a microlens is used to collect light and reduce light shielding, then utilization efficiency of light is increased, but intensity of light applied to liquid crystal molecules increases causing deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the light-collecting function from a traditional microlens structure and integrates it into the second insulating layer through a light-guiding structure with a curved surface. This extracted function guides light efficiently to the pixel electrode without creating excessive light intensity concentration, thereby maintaining both light utilization efficiency and liquid crystal molecule reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The second insulating layer with light-guiding structure acts as an intermediary between the incident light and the pixel electrode. It mediates the light transmission by guiding light efficiently while distributing the light intensity appropriately, preventing direct intense light application to liquid crystal molecules while maintaining high light utilization efficiency.
3Ease of manufacture
If the insulating layer in the inter-pixel region uses the same material as the pixel region, then manufacturing is simplified, but light transmission efficiency decreases due to light absorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different material properties to different regions: the first insulating layer uses a light-shielding material in both pixel and inter-pixel regions for protection, while the second insulating layer uses a light-transmitting material specifically in the pixel region to maximize light transmission. This local differentiation of material quality optimizes both manufacturing and light transmission efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively increases light utilization efficiency and reduces the deterioration of liquid crystal molecules, thereby improving the reliability of the light resistance in the liquid crystal display device.
Implementation Method 1
light refracted by the convex lens surface of the lens member
Implementation Method 2
The second insulator has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the first insulator, and can thus function as a waveguide
Implementation Method 3
light refracted by the convex lens surface of the lens member is refracted again by the concave lens surface of the second insulator, and can thus be in parallel or substantially parallel with an optical axis of incident light
Data Source
AI summary
A transmissive-type liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a base material, a pixel electrode, a light-shielding body, a first insulator that overlaps the light-shielding body in a plan view and is disposed between the base material and the pixel electrode, a second insulator that overlaps the pixel electrode in the plan view and is disposed in contact with the first insulator, and a transmissive lens member that overlaps the pixel electrode in the plan view, is disposed between the base material and the second insulator, and has a surface on the base material side including a convex lens surface. The second insulator has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the first insulator. A surface of the second insulator on the pixel electrode side includes a concave lens surface.