Liquid Crystal Display Opaque Electrode Asymmetry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid crystal display devices face challenges in achieving high transmittance and resolution while maintaining a wide viewing angle and suppressing light leakage and color mixture, particularly when using opaque wiring materials for pixel and common electrodes.
Innovation Solution
The liquid crystal display device employs opaque wiring materials for the pixel and common electrodes, which reduces the use of indium and allows for an indium-free configuration, and strategically positions the common electrodes to increase the inter-electrode distance, thereby minimizing light leakage and maintaining a wide viewing angle.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If transparent conductive materials (such as ITO) are used for pixel and common electrodes, then electrical conductivity is improved, but manufacturing cost increases and transmittance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameter from transparent conductive materials (ITO) to opaque conductive materials (Al, Mo, W, Cu, or their alloys), thereby reducing manufacturing cost while maintaining electrical conductivity through the conductive properties of the alternative materials
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs cheaper alternative materials (aluminum, molybdenum, tungsten, copper, or their alloys) to replace expensive ITO, achieving cost reduction without sacrificing the essential electrical conductivity function of the electrodes
2Reliability
If transparent conductive materials are used for electrodes, then electrical conductivity is improved, but optical transmittance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameter from transparent conductive materials to opaque conductive materials, accepting the transmittance reduction in exchange for using cheaper materials, while compensating through electrode design optimization
3Manufacturing precision
If the inter-electrode distance is reduced to increase pixel density, then resolution is improved, but light leakage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric electrode positioning where the common electrode is offset from the pixel electrode center, creating an asymmetric inter-electrode distance distribution that increases the minimum distance to suppress light leakage while maintaining high pixel density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different inter-electrode distances in different regions, with larger distances at critical areas prone to light leakage and smaller distances in other regions, optimizing both resolution and light leakage suppression
4Object-generated harmful factors
If the inter-electrode distance is increased to suppress light leakage, then light leakage is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a systematic asymmetric positioning approach where the common electrode is consistently offset from the pixel electrode center by a predetermined distance, providing a simple yet effective solution that suppresses light leakage without requiring complex variable positioning
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances transmittance, suppresses light leakage, and maintains a high contrast ratio, supporting high-resolution displays with wide viewing angles without increasing manufacturing costs or complexity.
Implementation Method 1
liquid crystal molecules are switched by a lateral electric field which is substantially parallel to a major surface of the array substrate
Data Source
AI summary
According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including an interlayer insulation film covering a first wiring line, a second wiring line and a third wiring line on the interlayer insulation film, and a first electrode which is located between the second wiring line and the third wiring line on the interlayer insulation film, is spaced apart from the second wiring line and the third wiring line, a second substrate including a second electrode which is opposed to each of the second wiring line and the third wiring line, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate.