LCD Electrode Opening Layout for Lower Black Luminance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing liquid crystal display devices face challenges in achieving high display contrast, particularly in high-definition applications like head-mounted displays, due to alignment issues of liquid crystal molecules near steps in the electrode structure, leading to increased black luminance and decreased contrast.

Innovation Solution

The liquid crystal display device incorporates a first substrate with inclined openings in the second electrode and alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules opposite to the electrode pattern, along with a COA structure and optimized alignment films, to stabilize liquid crystal molecule alignment and improve contrast.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional electrode structures are used, then device simplicity is maintained, but liquid crystal molecule alignment becomes unstable near steps causing increased black luminance and decreased display contrast

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveliquid crystal molecule alignmentVSAvoidelectrode structure

Core Design Contradiction:

Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies asymmetry by designing the opening in the second electrode to be inclined at a specific angle (e.g., 15 degrees) relative to the gate line direction, rather than being parallel or perpendicular. This asymmetric configuration creates a fringe field that compensates for the step effect, stabilizing liquid crystal molecule alignment near the electrode step and reducing black luminance without requiring complex additional structures.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by concentrating the opening at a specific location (in the central part of the pixel electrode area) where the step effect is most problematic. The opening is positioned to locally compensate for alignment issues near the step, while the rest of the electrode structure remains simple. This localized approach improves alignment stability without unnecessarily complicating the entire device structure.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

2Measurement precision

If high-definition display resolution is increased, then display quality improves, but alignment issues near electrode steps become more pronounced increasing black luminance

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedisplay resolutionVSAvoidblack luminance

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the opening angle (θ) and position parameters of the inclined opening in the second electrode. By adjusting these geometric parameters, the fringe field distribution is controlled to specifically compensate for alignment errors near steps in high-resolution displays, reducing black luminance while maintaining the high-definition display quality.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If opening angle θ11 and alignment direction angle θ12 are optimized, then display contrast is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedisplay contrastVSAvoidalignment angle control

Core Design Contradiction:

Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating and pre-setting the optimal opening angle θ11 and alignment direction angle θ12 during the design phase. The opening is configured at a specific angle (e.g., 15 degrees) and the alignment film is oriented at a complementary angle to compensate for step effects before the display is put into operation. This preliminary configuration ensures good alignment stability without requiring complex real-time adjustments or extremely tight manufacturing tolerances during production.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances display contrast, especially in high-definition displays, by reducing black luminance and maintaining stable liquid crystal molecule alignment, even at high resolutions.

Implementation Method 1

liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric constant anisotropy

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectDielectric constant anisotropy: Anisotropy

Implementation Method 2

generate therebetween an electric field that is parallel to the first substrate

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFringe field effect: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentUS20260010042A1Liquid crystal display device

Publication Date: 2026.01.08 SHARP DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CORP

AI summary

A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including gate lines extended in a first direction and source lines extended in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a first electrode, an insulating layer, and a second electrode having a long-shaped opening provided therein. In a plan view, a longitudinal direction of the opening is inclined at an angle θ11 in one direction that is either clockwise or counterclockwise with respect to a direction perpendicular to the first direction. In a plan view, an alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules located near the first substrate and in a central part of the opening, in a state where no voltage is applied, is inclined at an angle θ12 in a direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the direction perpendicular to the first direction.