LCD Panel Hybrid Spacer Design for LC Thickness Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional LCD panels face issues with low resolution, low aperture ratio, and misalignment between the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor array substrate, leading to difficulties in controlling the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, which affects the optical characteristics and image display.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a liquid crystal display panel with a thin-film transistor substrate, an opposite substrate, and a liquid crystal layer, featuring a plurality of main and secondary spacers. The main spacers create space between the substrates, while secondary spacers fit recesses on the color filter, ensuring the liquid crystal layer's thickness is controlled and maintaining optical characteristics by preventing spacer contact with the TFT substrate.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Illumination intensity
If the color filter is made thick (3 um) to improve color saturation, then the COA substrate becomes flattened, but the spacer touches the color filter making it difficult to control the LC layer thickness
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides the spacer system into two distinct types: main spacers (first spacers) that provide primary spacing between substrates, and secondary spacers that fit into recesses on the color filter surface. This segmentation allows the thick color filter to maintain color saturation while the combined spacer system precisely controls LC layer thickness by preventing direct contact between spacers and the flattened substrate surface.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention introduces vertical dimensionality by creating recesses (depressions) on the color filter surface where secondary spacers are positioned. This dimensional change allows the spacers to engage with the color filter at a lower elevation point, maintaining the required spacing distance even when the overall color filter thickness is increased for better color performance.
2Stability of the object's composition
If the COA substrate is flattened to improve structural stability, then manufacturing becomes easier, but the spacer cannot maintain proper distance from the substrate
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary action by forming recesses on the color filter surface before assembling the spacer system. These pre-formed depressions are specifically designed to receive and position the secondary spacers, ensuring that the spacers maintain the correct distance from the flattened substrate surface without requiring the substrate to be non-flattened for structural stability.
3Area of stationary object
If the aperture ratio is increased by extending the pixel electrode, then more light can pass through, but the capacitor size remains small affecting overall performance
Solution Approach 1:
The invention utilizes the vertical dimension by creating recesses in the color filter layer, allowing the pixel electrode to extend outward in the horizontal plane while maintaining proper capacitance through the vertical stacking arrangement. This enables increased aperture ratio without compromising capacitor performance, as the capacitor structure benefits from the multi-layer vertical configuration.
Data Source
AI summary
An LCD panel and method for forming the same are proposed. The LCD panel includes a TFT substrate, an opposite substrate, and a liquid crystal LC layer sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the opposite substrate. The opposite substrate includes main spacers for sparing space between the TFT substrate and the opposite substrate and secondary spacers. The TFT substrate includes TFTs and color filters with recesses. The secondary spacers fit the recesses, and the secondary spacers do not touch the TFT substrate. Not only a thickness of the LCD panel is adjustable when the liquid crystal is injected between the TFT substrate and the opposite substrate, but also the optical characteristics of the LCD panel can not change to effect display quality when the LCD panel is squeezed by force.