LCD Panel Wire Arrangement for Narrow Frame and High Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional liquid crystal displays face challenges in narrowing the frame area while maintaining high aperture ratio and display quality, as the arrangement of wires in the frame area reduces the pixel aperture ratio and generates parasitic capacitance, leading to compromised display quality.
Innovation Solution
The liquid crystal display panel design features a unique arrangement where vertical gate wires are placed between domains on the array substrate, connected to driver ICs outside the display area, and the pixel electrodes include slits that divide liquid crystal alignment, allowing for a reduced frame area without significantly reducing the aperture ratio, by isolating wires from the display area and using multi-domain structures to control liquid crystal alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If gate wires and source wires are arranged adjacent to and in parallel with each other, then the frame area can be reduced, but the aperture ratio of pixels is significantly reduced and parasitic capacitance is generated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional planar arrangement of gate and source wires to a three-dimensional stacked arrangement. Gate wires are positioned in a first plane while source wires are positioned in a second plane above or below the first plane, allowing the wires to be adjacent without overlapping in the planar view. This vertical separation eliminates parasitic capacitance between parallel wires while maintaining compact frame area.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a black matrix as an intermediary structure that serves multiple functions: it electrically isolates adjacent gate and source wires to prevent parasitic capacitance, provides light shielding, and maintains the compact arrangement. The black matrix acts as a mediator that enables close wire spacing without the harmful effects of direct wire interaction.
2Ease of manufacture
If drawing wires are provided on the left and right of the frame area to connect gate wires and driver IC, then driver IC can be connected, but the frame area cannot be narrowed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent moves the driver IC and its connection paths from the lateral (horizontal) direction to the vertical direction. By stacking gate and source driver ICs above or below the display area and routing wires vertically through the stacked structure, the frame area is freed from lateral extension requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple driver ICs (gate driver IC and source driver IC) and their associated wiring into a single stacked assembly located above or below the display area. This merging of components into a compact vertical unit eliminates the need for separate lateral connection paths, thereby reducing the frame area.
3Device complexity
If gate wire and source wire are disposed adjacent to and in parallel with each other, then connection is simplified, but parasitic capacitance is generated between wires
Solution Approach 1:
The black matrix serves as an intermediary barrier between adjacent gate and source wires, providing electrical isolation that prevents parasitic capacitance formation. The wires remain spatially adjacent for compactness but are electrically separated by the black matrix material positioned between them.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a layered copy of the wire arrangement where gate wires in one plane are replicated in another plane (source wires), separated by the black matrix. This stacked copying approach maintains the simplicity of regular wire patterns while eliminating harmful electromagnetic coupling through spatial separation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enables the narrowing of frame areas while maintaining high display quality and aperture ratio, as the placement of wires in the boundary between domains minimizes their impact on pixel transmission and reduces parasitic capacitance, resulting in improved viewing angle characteristics and reduced luminance unevenness.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of slits formed extending in a plurality of directions in a plane of the one substrate, the upper electrode being provided on the lower electrode with an insulating film interposed therebetween, and a plurality of domains positioned in the plane of the one substrate, in which liquid crystal is alignment-divided in accordance with formation directions of the plurality of slits
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display panel includes, on one of two substrates with liquid crystal held therebetween, first and second wires respectively arranged in a first and a second directions, third wires arranged in the first direction and connected to the second wires, pixels arranged corresponding to crossing positions between the first and the second wires, a first and a second driver ICs respectively connected to each first and each third wires. Each pixel includes a lower electrode, an upper electrode including slits, and domains alignment-divided in accordance with formation directions of the slits. One of the lower and the upper electrodes is a pixel electrode and the other is a common electrode. Each third wire is placed in a boundary between the domains. With this structure, provided is a liquid crystal display capable of narrowing a frame area and improving display quality.