Liquid Crystal Display Pixel Electrode Aperture Ratio Enhancement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional liquid crystal display devices in in-plane switching mode face challenges in achieving a high aperture ratio and brightness due to the space required for conductive contacts, which limits the light transmission area.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a pixel electrode with multiple openings, an opposite electrode with a hole for the interlayer conductor, and a thin film transistor where part of the selection line acts as the gate, allowing the interlayer conductor to pass through the opposite electrode hole overlapping the selection line, thereby reducing the light shield region and increasing the opening area in the pixel electrode.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conductive contact is disposed to penetrate the insulating layer to connect the pixel electrode and TFT, then electrical connection is achieved, but the aperture ratio is reduced due to the space occupied by the conductive contact
Solution Approach 1:
The conductive contact is positioned to overlap the selection line in the plan view, utilizing the vertical dimension (layer stack direction) to route the conductor through the opposite electrode hole. This spatial arrangement allows the conductive contact to connect the pixel electrode and TFT while occupying minimal lateral space, thereby maintaining a high aperture ratio while ensuring reliable electrical connection.
2Illumination intensity
If the opening area in the pixel electrode is enlarged to increase brightness, then the aperture ratio improves, but the electric field application and liquid crystal control may become unstable
Solution Approach 1:
The interlayer conductor extending along the layer stack plane acts as an intermediary that blocks leak electric fields from the selection line to the liquid crystal layer. This intermediary structure prevents electric field disturbance while allowing the pixel electrode openings to be enlarged for increased brightness, as the conductor shields against unwanted field leakage that would otherwise occur with larger openings.
3Reliability
If a separate gate part is led from the selection line to configure the thin film transistor, then the transistor structure is complete, but the light shield region increases and aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The gate part of the thin film transistor is merged with the selection line, forming an integrated structure where the selection line directly serves as the gate electrode. This merging eliminates the need for a separate gate connection, reducing the light shield region and increasing the aperture ratio while maintaining a complete and functional transistor structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the aperture ratio and brightness by enlarging the light transmission region, improving display contrast and reducing the light shield area, leading to more effective liquid crystal molecule control and stable electric field application.
Implementation Method 1
liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer selectively turn, and light passing through the liquid crystal layer is modulated
Implementation Method 2
an electric field is generated from the pixel electrode toward the opposite electrode below the pixel electrode via the liquid crystal layer and the opening in the pixel electrode
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display device with enhanced brightness through improving a partial structure for applying potential to a pixel electrode is provided. The liquid crystal display device includes: a pixel electrode with a plurality of openings; an opposite electrode disposed to face the pixel electrode with an insulating layer in between; a liquid crystal layer disposed on an opposite side of the pixel electrode from the opposite electrode; a selection line utilized to select a pixel; a thin film transistor disposed on the opposite side of the opposite electrode from the pixel electrode as to drive the pixel and utilizing a part of the selection line as a gate thereof; and an interlayer conductor connecting between the thin film transistor and the pixel electrode. The opposite electrode has an opposite electrode hole which allows the interlayer conductor to pass therethrough, and the opposite electrode hole partly overlaps the selection line.