LCD Pixel Electrode Contact Holes in Non-Display Area
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) using patterned vertical alignment (PVA) modes face issues with reduced aperture ratio and response speed due to random liquid crystal motions, leading to decreased display quality and potential afterimages from reverse domain effects.
Innovation Solution
The design includes a first and second substrate with a liquid crystal layer, each pixel featuring transistors and pixel electrodes connected via contact holes in the non-display area, increasing the aperture ratio and preventing errors in radio wave transmission or reception by forming these holes in the non-display area, and allowing for improved display quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If contact holes are formed in the display area to connect pixel electrodes to transistors, then electrical connection is achieved, but aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent moves the contact holes from the display area to the non-display area, utilizing the peripheral region for electrical connections. This spatial repositioning allows the aperture ratio to be maximized while maintaining reliable electrical connectivity through extended connection parts that reach the non-display area for contact hole formation.
2Adaptability or versatility
If electrode protrusions are added to form multiple domains in PVA mode, then viewing angle is improved, but response speed decreases due to random liquid crystal motions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric electrode structures with different shapes for main pixel electrodes and sub-pixel electrodes in different pixels. This asymmetric design creates controlled domain patterns that improve viewing angle while reducing random liquid crystal motions, thereby maintaining faster response speeds compared to traditional symmetric protrusion-based approaches.
3Ease of manufacture
If semiconductor layer is integrally formed with source and drain electrodes, then manufacturing is simplified, but radio wave transmission errors occur when layer reacts to light from rear substrate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the problematic integral semiconductor layer structure by forming separate contact holes through the protective layer in the non-display area. This allows the semiconductor layer to be selectively connected to electrodes while isolating it from direct light exposure paths, preventing radio wave transmission errors while maintaining manufacturing efficiency through the protective layer configuration.
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate having pixels, each pixel including a display area and a non-display area; a second substrate facing the first substrate and including a common electrode; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Each pixel includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a main pixel electrode having a first connection part electrically connected to the first transistor, and a sub-pixel electrode having a second connection part electrically connected to the second transistor. The first and second connection parts are disposed in the non-display area. A protective layer is disposed between the first connection parts the first transistors and between second connection parts and the second transistors.