Liquid Crystal Display Pixel Electrode Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays with pixel electrodes positioned near the new substrate experience reduced electric field influence on liquid crystal molecules, requiring increased voltage application and suffer from photo-leakage issues due to light irradiation on the semiconductor layer.
Innovation Solution
The liquid crystal display design positions pixel electrodes above the thin-film transistor with an insulation layer separating the substrate and transistor, incorporating a metal layer and a comb teeth-like electrode structure, and uses a transparent conductive film to enhance electric field application and reduce photo-leakage by planarizing the surface and optimizing the semiconductor layer's position.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If pixel electrodes are positioned near the new substrate to simplify structure, then device complexity is reduced, but the electric field influence on liquid crystal molecules is weakened requiring higher voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is repositioned from the lower layer (near the new substrate) to the upper layer (near the liquid crystal), changing the vertical dimension of electrode placement. This dimensional repositioning restores strong electric field interaction with liquid crystal molecules while maintaining structural simplicity through the adhesive layer bonding method
2Illumination intensity
If light is allowed to pass through to illuminate the display, then illumination intensity is improved, but photo-leakage occurs in the thin-film transistor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent positions the pixel electrode in the upper layer where it can effectively generate electric field, and the metal layer is configured to reflect light away from the semiconductor layer. The harmful light irradiation that causes photo-leakage is converted into a beneficial reflection path that protects the semiconductor layer while maintaining display illumination
3Ease of manufacture
If the pixel electrode is formed in the lower layer to simplify manufacturing, then ease of manufacture is improved, but the electric field application on liquid crystal is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is repositioned from the lower layer to the upper layer, changing the vertical dimension of placement. This ensures the electrode is close to the liquid crystal molecules for reliable electric field application, while the manufacturing process remains simple through the use of adhesive layer bonding and standard deposition techniques
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves the electric field's impact on liquid crystal molecules, reduces photo-leakage, and allows for efficient planarization of the pixel array surface, enhancing the display's performance and reducing the need for higher voltage applications.
Implementation Method 1
the influence on the molecule of liquid crystal of the electric field formed by the pixel electrodes
Implementation Method 2
a metal layer overlapping each electrically conductive region of the semiconductor layer of the thin-film transistor is formed on the surface on the substrate side of the insulation layer
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display, having an improved application of electric field to the molecules of liquid crystal, includes a substrate and a pixel array bonded to the surface of this substrate, and the pixel array includes at least a thin-film transistor and a pixel electrode connected with this thin-film transistor, and the pixel electrode is formed in a layer higher than the thin-film transistor in relation to the substrate.