Liquid Crystal Display Pixel Electrode Segmentation for Gray Level Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays with vertically aligned modes face challenges in representing gray levels, especially at low and high grays, due to increased luminance and reduced transmittance, which affects image quality and side visibility.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display configuration that divides a pixel area into four regions with different electric field strengths by using a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode with distinct voltage applications, including an insulating layer between overlapping regions, to control luminance and transmittance accurately.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If one pixel is divided into two subpixels to improve side visibility, then side visibility is improved, but luminance increases at low gray or high gray making it difficult to represent gray at the side
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple regions (first region, second region, third region) with different electrode configurations. Each region has different transmittance characteristics, allowing independent control of luminance in different areas of the pixel to accurately represent gray levels while maintaining side visibility.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions within the pixel are assigned different electrode structures and transmittance properties. The first region has higher transmittance, the second region has lower transmittance, and the third region has intermediate transmittance, creating local quality differences that enable precise gray level representation at different positions within the pixel.
2Manufacturing precision
If one pixel area is divided into three areas to control transmittance, then transmittance control is improved, but luminance still increases at low gray or high gray making it difficult to represent gray at the side
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel is segmented into four distinct regions with progressively different transmittance characteristics. This finer segmentation allows for more precise control of luminance at low and high gray levels, preventing the luminance increase problem while maintaining accurate gray level representation.
Solution Approach 2:
The transmittance parameter is varied across different regions of the pixel by changing the electrode configuration and structure. By adjusting the transmittance parameter in each region, the invention achieves precise control over luminance at different gray levels without the unwanted luminance increase.
3Measurement precision
If subpixel electrodes are arranged with intervals to divide pixel area, then gray level representation is improved, but transmittance is reduced due to the intervals
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of uniform electrode spacing, the invention creates local quality differences by having different regions with different transmittance properties. This allows gray level representation to be maintained while compensating for the transmittance loss from electrode intervals through regional optimization.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges multiple electrode regions with different transmittance characteristics into a single integrated pixel structure. By combining the optical effects of regions with different transmittance, the overall transmittance is maintained while still achieving precise gray level representation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables precise representation of gray levels at low and high grays while improving side visibility to match front visibility, by finely controlling the electric field strengths across the pixel area.
Implementation Method 1
The field generating electrode is supplied with a voltage to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal layer. The orientation of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is determined and polarization of incident light is controlled based on the generated electric field
Implementation Method 2
polarization of incident light is controlled based on the generated electric field, thereby displaying an image
Implementation Method 3
an insulating layer disposed in the first sub region of the first subpixel electrode and disposed beneath the second subpixel electrode and the second sub region of the first subpixel electrode
Data Source
AI summary
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a first subpixel electrode disposed on the first substrate, supplied with a first voltage and including a first sub region and a second sub region; a second subpixel electrode disposed on the first substrate and supplied with a second voltage; an insulating layer disposed on the first sub region of the first subpixel electrode and disposed beneath the second subpixel electrode and the second sub region of the first subpixel electrode; a second substrate facing the first substrate; and a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, in which a first region in which the first subpixel electrode is formed includes four distinct areas having different characteristics.