LCD Pixel Electrode Slits for Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional LCD devices with a patterned vertical alignment (PVA) structure have a low aperture ratio and transmittance due to the high area occupancy by switching drivers, which limits their performance in displaying images with wide viewing angles.
Innovation Solution
The proposed LCD device features a pixel electrode with horizontal and vertical slits, fine branch electrodes, and a common electrode with trapezoidal slit patterns, allowing for increased aperture ratio and transmittance by dividing each pixel into subpixel areas and minimizing the area required for switching drivers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a switching driver is disposed between two subpixels to apply different voltages, then different voltage control is achieved, but the aperture ratio and transmittance decrease due to high area occupancy by the switching driver
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the switching driver from the pixel region by utilizing the common electrode as the switching electrode. This eliminates the need for separate switching drivers between subpixels, thereby increasing the aperture ratio and light transmittance while maintaining the capability to apply different voltages to different subpixels through the common electrode's voltage control
2Adaptability or versatility
If fine slits are formed in patterned transparent electrodes to align liquid crystals in different directions, then wide viewing angle is achieved, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the common electrode into multiple independent voltage control regions corresponding to different subpixels. By applying different voltages to different segments of the common electrode, liquid crystals in different regions are aligned in different directions, achieving wide viewing angle without requiring complex patterned transparent electrodes with fine slits
Solution Approach 2:
The common electrode serves multiple functions: it acts as both the common electrode for vertical alignment and as the switching electrode for applying different voltages to different subpixels. This multi-functionality simplifies the overall electrode structure while achieving wide viewing angle through voltage-controlled liquid crystal orientation
3Area of stationary object
If the common electrode is disposed at the same plane as the pixel electrode to reduce connection wiring, then the connection wiring area is reduced, but the liquid crystal control length may be delayed
Solution Approach 1:
The invention utilizes the vertical dimension by forming the common electrode on the opposite substrate from the pixel electrode, creating a three-dimensional electrode arrangement. This spatial separation in the vertical dimension allows for reduced connection wiring area in the horizontal plane while maintaining adequate liquid crystal control length through the vertical electric field between the electrodes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the aperture ratio and transmittance, improving image display quality and reducing connection wiring, while maintaining fast liquid crystal response times without delaying the liquid crystal control length.
Implementation Method 1
an LCD device that is one of most common flat panel displays includes two plates on which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are formed and a liquid-crystal layer that is disposed between the two plates, and displays an image by applying a voltage to the pixel electrode or the common electrode to produce an electric field in the liquid-crystal layer and by changing an arrangement of liquid-crystal molecules of the liquid-crystal layer to control polarization of light that passes through the liquid-crystal layer
Implementation Method 2
applying a voltage to the pixel electrode or the common electrode to produce an electric field in the liquid-crystal layer and by changing an arrangement of liquid-crystal molecules
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a liquid-crystal display (LCD) device. The LCD device includes: one pair of substrates; and a pixel electrode and a common electrode that are provided on the one pair of substrates to respectively face each other, wherein the pixel electrode includes: one pair of plate electrodes in which a horizontal slit and a plurality of first vertical slits that cross the horizontal slit are formed and that are divided by the horizontal slit and surround both sides of a cross pattern formed by the horizontal slit and the plurality of first vertical slits; and a plurality of fine branch electrodes that are obliquely formed to be connected to the plate electrode at a portion of the cross pattern including a point at which the horizontal slit and the first vertical slit cross each other, wherein one pixel region includes a first subpixel area and a second subpixel area that are divided by the horizontal slit.