Liquid Crystal Display Pixel Electrode Spacing for Oblique Viewing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display devices using lateral electric fields face challenges in maintaining display quality, particularly in suppressing color mixture when viewed obliquely due to the extension of the fringing field affecting adjacent pixels, which degrades luminance and transmissivity.
Innovation Solution
The configuration involves adjusting the intervals between pixel electrodes to control the extension of the fringing field, with specific layouts that increase the interval between certain pixel electrodes to prevent color mixture, such as making one pixel electrode closer to another of a different color, thereby maintaining the initial alignment state of liquid crystal molecules between pixels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the fringing field is allowed to extend between adjacent pixels, then the liquid crystal molecules can be rotated to improve viewing angle, but color mixture occurs and display quality degrades
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different interval designs to different pixel electrode pairs based on their color relationships. Specifically, pixels of different colors (e.g., red and green) are positioned closer together with smaller intervals to enhance viewing angle, while pixels of the same color or adjacent pixels are positioned with larger intervals to prevent color mixture. This localized differentiation of spacing creates optimal local conditions for each pixel type, resolving the contradiction between viewing angle and color mixture.
2Device complexity
If pixel electrodes are positioned closer together, then the device density increases and manufacturing is simplified, but the fringing field extends further affecting adjacent pixels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements non-uniform pixel electrode spacing where the distance between adjacent pixel electrodes varies depending on the color and position of the pixels. Pixels of different colors are positioned closer together to maximize density and simplify manufacturing, while specific spacing adjustments are made near pixel boundaries to control fringing field extension. This localized quality variation allows the system to achieve high device density without excessive fringing field interference.
3Ease of manufacture
If uniform intervals are used between all pixel electrodes, then manufacturing is simplified and alignment is easier, but color mixture occurs during oblique viewing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces asymmetric spacing between pixel electrodes, where the interval between pixel electrodes of different colors is deliberately made smaller than the interval between pixels of the same color or adjacent pixels. This asymmetric design creates different electric field distributions that prevent color mixture during oblique viewing while maintaining manufacturability through standard fabrication processes. The asymmetry is carefully controlled to balance display quality with manufacturing feasibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively suppresses color mixture during oblique viewing without degrading luminance or transmissivity, enhancing display quality by maintaining the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules and reducing the impact of the fringing field on adjacent pixels.
Implementation Method 1
a liquid crystal display device using a lateral electric field (including a fringing field) such as an in-plane switching (IPS) mode
Implementation Method 2
maintaining the initial alignment state of liquid crystal molecules between pixels
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, and a third pixel electrode, a second substrate including a first color filter opposed to the first pixel electrode, a second color filter opposed to the second pixel electrode, and a third color filter opposed to the third pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer held between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first interval along the first direction between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode being smaller than a second interval along the first direction between the second pixel electrode and the third pixel electrode.