LCD Pixel Electrode Stem Branch Structure for Transmittance
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Solution Overview
Problem
In high-resolution liquid crystal displays (LCDs), the reduction in pixel size due to increased resolution leads to a decrease in transmittance caused by the texture generated by minute slits and patterns in the pixel electrodes, resulting in reduced display quality and luminance.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a pixel electrode structure with a unit pixel electrode comprising a horizontal stem and a vertical stem, along with obliquely extended minute branches, which reduces the number of domains and minimizes texture generation, thereby improving transmittance and display quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If minute slits are formed in pixel electrodes to widen viewing angle, then viewing angle is improved, but transmittance is reduced due to texture generation and luminance loss
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple domains with different alignment directions, where each domain is further segmented into branch electrodes. This segmentation allows the liquid crystal molecules to be tilted in multiple directions, achieving wide viewing angle coverage while maintaining sufficient open area for light transmission by optimizing the branch electrode configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel electrode are assigned different functions: the branch electrode regions provide local tilt control for viewing angle, while the spaces between branches maintain transparency for light transmission. The alignment layers are also configured with different local orientations in different domains to achieve both wide viewing angle and high transmittance in their respective areas.
2Measurement precision
If pixel size is reduced for higher resolution, then resolution is improved, but transmittance is significantly reduced due to increased proportion of minute slits and patterns
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple functional elements are merged into a single integrated pixel electrode structure. The branch electrodes serve dual purposes: they define the domain boundaries for viewing angle control and simultaneously create the necessary tilt directions. This merging reduces the total pattern area compared to separate structures, thereby improving transmittance while maintaining high resolution.
Solution Approach 2:
The pixel electrode pattern transitions from a two-dimensional planar structure to a multi-dimensional configuration with branches extending in multiple directions. This dimensional complexity allows the electrode to control liquid crystal tilt in multiple orientations while occupying less total area, thus improving both resolution and transmittance simultaneously.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances transmittance and maintains display quality even at higher resolutions by reducing texture generation and luminance loss, applicable to both flat and curved LCDs.
Implementation Method 1
a vertically aligned mode LCD, in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned such that long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are perpendicular to a display panel in a state in which no electrical field is applied
Implementation Method 2
voltages are applied to the field generating electrodes to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal layer. Then, the alignment of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is determined by the electric field
Implementation Method 3
the alignment of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is determined by the electric field to control the polarization of incident light, thereby displaying images
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display includes a first insulation substrate, a gate line, a data line configured to cross the gate line while being insulated therefrom, a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a pixel electrode configured to include a first subpixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and a second subpixel electrode, a second insulation substrate configured to face the first insulation substrate, a common electrode disposed on the second insulation substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first insulation substrate and the second insulation substrate to include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, where each of the first subpixel electrode and the second subpixel electrode includes a unit pixel electrode including a plurality of minute branches that is extended from a horizontal stem and a vertical stem.