Liquid Crystal Display Pixel Electrode Subpixel Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) face challenges in representing accurate gray levels, especially in low gray regions, due to increased luminance when pixels are divided into subpixels with different voltages, leading to degraded image quality and difficulty in approximating side visibility to front visibility.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display design featuring a pixel electrode divided into three subregions with specific electrode configurations, including cross stem portions, minute branches, and slit portions, allowing for different voltages to be applied to each subpixel electrode on the same layer level, creating distinct electric fields to enhance visibility and luminance control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If one pixel is divided into two subpixels and different voltages are applied to approximate side visibility to front visibility, then side visibility is improved, but luminance increases from low gray or high gray making it difficult to represent gray at lateral side and degrading image quality
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into three distinct subpixel electrodes (first, second, and third subpixel electrodes) positioned in first, second, and third subpixel regions respectively. Each subpixel electrode can be independently controlled with different voltages, allowing precise manipulation of liquid crystal alignment in different regions to achieve both improved side visibility and accurate gray representation.
Solution Approach 2:
Different voltages are applied to different subpixel electrodes based on their specific positions and functions. The first subpixel electrode receives a first voltage, the second subpixel electrode receives a second voltage, and the third subpixel electrode receives a third voltage. This localized voltage control enables each region to contribute differently to the overall display performance, with the third subpixel region specifically designed to maintain accurate gray representation while the other regions enhance side visibility.
2Ease of operation
If one pixel is divided into two subpixels to change transmittance, then side visibility is approximated to front visibility, but luminance control is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is segmented into three independently controllable subpixel electrodes positioned in different regions. This segmentation allows each subpixel electrode to control transmittance and luminance in its specific region, with the third subpixel electrode specifically designed to maintain accurate luminance control for gray representation while the first and second subpixel electrodes optimize side visibility.
Solution Approach 2:
Different voltage levels are applied to different subpixel electrodes to create localized transmittance control. The first subpixel electrode is controlled with a first voltage, the second with a second voltage, and the third with a third voltage, enabling each region to have optimized transmittance characteristics for its specific function.
3Ease of operation
If a complex multi-layer electrode structure is used to divide pixels into subpixels, then visibility is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
All three subpixel electrodes are formed on the same layer level using a single transparent conductive material, merging multiple electrode functions into one unified structure. This eliminates the need for separate layers or complex stacking, simplifying the manufacturing process while maintaining the ability to independently control each subpixel region through distinct voltage applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The transparent conductive material serves multiple functions simultaneously: it forms all three subpixel electrodes, provides electrical connectivity across different regions, and maintains optical transparency. This multi-functional design reduces the number of separate components and manufacturing steps required.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design improves side visibility and reduces manufacturing costs by maintaining image quality while representing accurate gray levels without the need for separate layers, achieving better luminance control across different regions of the pixel.
Implementation Method 1
applying a voltage to the field generating electrode to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal layer
Implementation Method 2
controlling polarization of incident light
Implementation Method 3
determining alignment of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer through the electric field
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a liquid crystal display including a pixel electrode including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode. The first subpixel electrode includes a first cross stem portion positioned in a first subpixel region and first minute branches extending from the first cross stem portion, and includes first and second body portions that are positioned in a third subpixel region and separated from each other, and a plurality of first and second slit portions that extend from the first and second body portions, respectively. The second subpixel electrode includes a second cross stem portion positioned in a second subpixel region and second minute branches that extend from the second cross stem portion, and includes a third cross stem portion positioned in a third subpixel region and third minute branches that extend from the third cross stem portion.