Liquid Crystal Display With Gradual Pretilt Angle Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display devices face challenges in achieving wide viewing angles and fast response times while maintaining a stable uniformly lying helix mode, which is difficult to manufacture and prone to changing into a more stable but less desirable uniformly standing helix mode.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display device with a helical structure liquid crystal layer where the helical axis is parallel to the substrates, featuring alignment layers with a gradual pretilt angle distribution from 0 to 90 degrees, repeated in a predetermined cycle, and formed using polymerized photoreactive materials with UV irradiation to stabilize the ULH mode.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a uniformly lying helix (ULH) mode liquid crystal structure is used to achieve wide viewing angles and fast response times, then viewing angle and response time are improved, but the ULH mode is difficult to manufacture and prone to changing into a uniformly standing helix mode
Solution Approach 1:
The alignment layer is designed with a gradual distribution of pretilt angles ranging from 0 to 90 degrees across different regions. This spatial variation in alignment properties creates localized conditions that collectively stabilize the ULH mode throughout the liquid crystal layer, preventing transition to the USH mode while maintaining fast response characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The pretilt angle is changed as a continuous parameter across the alignment layer rather than being uniform. By gradually varying the pretilt angle from 0 to 90 degrees in a predetermined cycle, the liquid crystal molecules are guided into a stable ULH configuration that maintains both operational performance and structural stability.
2Manufacturing precision
If alignment layers with gradual pretilt angle distribution are formed using UV irradiation of polymerized photoreactive materials, then manufacturing precision and stability are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The mechanical process of creating gradual pretilt angle distribution is replaced by photochemical action. UV irradiation of polymerized photoreactive materials in the alignment layer automatically generates the desired gradual pretilt angle distribution through optical-field-induced molecular reorientation, eliminating the need for complex mechanical alignment procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The alignment layer is pre-formed with photoreactive materials that will generate the gradual pretilt angle distribution upon UV irradiation. This preliminary preparation allows the desired alignment profile to be created in a single irradiation step rather than requiring multiple sequential alignment operations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables a liquid crystal display device with wide viewing angles and fast response times, maintaining a stable ULH mode during manufacturing and operation, thus providing improved display performance.
Implementation Method 1
One of the first and second alignment layers which has the gradual distribution of the pretilt angle may be formed of a polymerized photoreactive material of which an alignment direction is changed according to an amount of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
Implementation Method 2
a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second alignment layers and including liquid crystals of a helical structure in which a helical axis is parallel to the first and second substrates
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a liquid crystal display device including a first substrate on which a first alignment layer is formed, a second substrate on which a second alignment layer is formed, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second alignment layers and including liquid crystals of a helical structure in which a helical axis is parallel to the first and second substrates. At least one of the first and second alignment layers has a graduation distribution profile of a pretilt angle which ranges from about 0 degrees to about 90 degrees.