Liquid Crystal Display Device With Segmented Common Electrodes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing liquid crystal display devices using lateral electric field modes face challenges in achieving wide viewing angles and uniform display due to limitations in electric field distribution and alignment of liquid crystal molecules, leading to potential display defects and light leaks.
Innovation Solution
The liquid crystal display device incorporates a specific structure with sub-common electrodes and main common electrodes arranged on both substrates, forming a lateral electric field that aligns liquid crystal molecules in multiple domains, enhancing viewing angles and uniformity by shielding undesirable electric fields from gate and source lines.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a conventional lateral electric field structure is used, then the device achieves simple structure and low power consumption, but the viewing angle is limited and display uniformity is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The common electrode is divided into multiple sub-common electrodes arranged in a specific pattern. This segmentation creates multiple electric field domains within each pixel, enabling liquid crystal molecules to align in different orientations simultaneously, thereby achieving wide viewing angles without requiring complex multi-electrode configurations on both substrates
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel are created with distinct electric field characteristics by positioning sub-common electrodes at specific locations. This allows local optimization of liquid crystal alignment in different areas of the pixel, improving overall display uniformity while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure
2Reliability
If sub-common electrodes are added to shield electric fields, then display uniformity and viewing angle improve, but the electrode structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The common electrode is segmented into multiple sub-common electrodes that are strategically positioned to create electric field shielding effects. These segmented electrodes block unwanted electric field lines from gate and source lines, preventing display defects while maintaining structural simplicity through their regular arrangement pattern
Solution Approach 2:
Sub-common electrodes act as intermediary elements between the gate/source lines and the liquid crystal layer. They serve as electric field shields that mediate the interaction between the driving electrodes and liquid crystal molecules, blocking harmful electric fields while allowing the desired switching field to pass through, thereby improving display uniformity without requiring complex shielding structures
3Illumination intensity
If multiple common electrodes are arranged to form lateral electric field, then viewing angle and transmissivity improve, but the alignment precision of liquid crystal molecules becomes more difficult to control
Solution Approach 1:
The common electrode is divided into multiple sub-common electrodes with specific spacing and positioning. This segmentation creates distinct electric field domains that guide liquid crystal molecule alignment in predetermined directions, improving alignment precision while allowing sufficient light transmission through the structured electrode arrangement
Solution Approach 2:
All sub-common electrodes are connected to the same common potential, creating equipotential regions that generate consistent electric field characteristics across different domains. This equipotential configuration ensures uniform liquid crystal alignment behavior while maintaining high transmissivity through the optimized electrode geometry and spacing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration achieves a wide viewing angle and high-quality display with improved transmissivity and reduced display defects, maintaining high transmissivity while effectively shielding electric fields, thus offering a superior liquid crystal display device performance.
Implementation Method 1
a structure using lateral electric field, such as IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode and FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, attracts attention. The liquid crystal display device using the lateral electric field mode is equipped with pixel electrodes and a common electrode formed in an array substrate, respectively. Liquid crystal molecules are switched by the lateral electric field substantially in parallel with the principal surface of the array substrate.
Implementation Method 2
The liquid crystal display device incorporates a specific structure with sub-common electrodes and main common electrodes arranged on both substrates, forming a lateral electric field that aligns liquid crystal molecules in multiple domains, enhancing viewing angles and uniformity by shielding undesirable electric fields from gate and source lines.
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate includes a first gate line and a second gate line respectively extending in a first direction. A main pixel electrode is arranged between the first gate line and the second gate line and extending in a second direction orthogonally crossing the first direction. A pair of sub-common electrodes respectively faces the first gate line and the second gate line through an insulating layer and extends in the first direction. The second substrate includes a main common electrode electrically connected with the sub-common electrode and arranged on both sides sandwiching the main pixel electrode. A liquid crystal layer is held between the first substrate and the second substrate.