Liquid Crystal Display with Segmented Electrodes for Viewing Angle
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Solution Overview
Problem
Vertically aligned liquid crystal displays face challenges with transmittance reduction due to horizontal electric field components and aperture ratio decrease due to pixel division, which limits design and visibility.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display with a first substrate and a second substrate separated by a liquid crystal layer, featuring a first electrode with a minute slit pattern and a third electrode on the second substrate, allowing for different tilted angles of liquid crystal molecules in regions with double-electrode and single-electrode structures, respectively, and using alignment aiding agents to control pretilt orientations under varying voltages.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If pixels are divided into two subpixels to improve side visibility, then side visibility is improved, but aperture ratio is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into a first electrode and a second electrode with different structures (double-electrode and single-electrode regions), allowing different liquid crystal tilting angles in different regions to improve side visibility without reducing aperture ratio
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel are given different electrode structures and liquid crystal orientations - the first region has a double-electrode structure for front visibility while the second region has a single-electrode structure for side visibility, optimizing both viewing angles without sacrificing aperture ratio
2Adaptability or versatility
If a fringe electric field is used to arrange liquid crystal molecules in diverse directions, then viewing angle is improved, but transmittance is reduced due to horizontal electric field component
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel is segmented into regions with different electrode configurations that generate different electric field components, allowing control over both viewing angle and transmittance characteristics in different areas
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the electrode structure parameters (double-electrode vs single-electrode) and applying different voltages to different regions, the electric field distribution is optimized to reduce horizontal field components while maintaining viewing angle performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances transmittance and maintains a high aperture ratio by minimizing transmittance loss from horizontal fields and improving visibility without actual pixel division, enabling high-speed response and improved side visibility.
Implementation Method 1
At least one of the liquid crystal layer and the alignment layer may include an alignment aiding agent
Implementation Method 2
The pretilt may be formed by, when the voltage applied to the first electrode is a first voltage and, the voltage applied to the second electrode is a second voltage, exposing the at least one of the liquid crystal layer and the alignment layer to light while the first voltage and the second voltage are respectively applied
Implementation Method 3
The liquid crystal display generates an electric field in a liquid crystal layer by applying voltage to the field generating electrodes, to determine orientations of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate including a pixel area, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and including liquid crystal molecules, a first electrode, a second electrode including a minute slit pattern, disposed on the first substrate and an insulating layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a third electrode disposed on the second substrate. The pixel area includes a first region having a double-electrode structure wherein the first electrode and the second electrode overlap, and a second region having a single electrode structure including the second electrode.