Liquid Crystal Display Semiconductor Layer Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional liquid crystal display devices face challenges in achieving high resolution, high aperture ratio, low power consumption, and reliability, particularly in optimizing the structure and materials used in transistors and electrodes to enhance display performance.
Innovation Solution
The liquid crystal display device incorporates a transmissive and reflective region configuration with a semiconductor layer having distinct resistivity regions, using materials like indium, zinc, and aluminum, and a crystal part with c-axis alignment, along with a back gate structure, to increase aperture ratio and reduce power consumption, and includes a coloring layer and light-blocking layer for improved visibility and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If a conventional transistor structure with uniform semiconductor layer is used, then the device complexity is low, but the aperture ratio and resolution are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The semiconductor layer is segmented into multiple regions with different resistivities (first region with higher resistivity, second region with lower resistivity). This segmentation allows different parts of the transistor to perform different functions: the first region provides channel formation with proper electrical characteristics, while the second region provides low-resistance electrical connection to the pixel electrode, thereby increasing aperture ratio without compromising device performance
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the semiconductor layer are assigned different electrical properties (resistivity values) to optimize local functions. The first region has higher resistivity suitable for channel formation, while the second region has lower resistivity for efficient charge transport to the pixel electrode. This local differentiation enables both high aperture ratio and proper transistor functionality
2Area of stationary object
If more transparent materials are used in the transistor to increase aperture ratio, then the light transmission improves, but the electrical performance and reliability may deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The resistivity parameter of the semiconductor layer is changed across different regions. The first region maintains higher resistivity for proper channel formation and transistor switching characteristics, while the second region uses lower resistivity to ensure efficient electrical connection. This parameter variation allows the transistor to maintain reliability while accommodating the high aperture ratio design
3Loss of energy
If the semiconductor layer resistivity is reduced to improve electrical connection, then the contact resistance decreases, but the channel formation and transistor switching performance may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The semiconductor layer is divided into functionally distinct regions: the first region with higher resistivity is optimized for channel formation and transistor switching control, while the second region with lower resistivity is optimized for minimal resistance electrical connection to the pixel electrode. This spatial segmentation resolves the contradiction by assigning different resistivity values to different functional zones within the same semiconductor layer
Solution Approach 2:
Different local regions of the semiconductor layer are given different electrical qualities (resistivity values) to optimize their specific functions. The channel region maintains higher resistivity for proper electrostatic control and switching characteristics, while the contact region uses lower resistivity to minimize ohmic losses and improve electrical connection efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display device includes a transmissive region and a reflective region. The liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal element, a transistor, a scan line, a signal line, and an insulating layer. A semiconductor layer of the transistor includes a channel region and a low-resistance region. A channel region overlaps with a gate with a gate insulating layer provided therebetween. The low-resistance region includes a first portion in contact with a pixel electrode of the liquid crystal element and a second portion in contact with a side surface of an opening portion in the insulating layer. The first portion of the low-resistance region is positioned in the transmissive region or the reflective region. The reflective region includes a layer that reflects visible light. The layer that reflects visible light includes a portion positioned between the scan line or the signal line and a liquid crystal layer.