Shared Contact Hole for LCD Aperture Ratio
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-resolution liquid crystal display (LCD) devices face challenges in increasing transmittance and reducing manufacturing costs, as the area of contact holes limits aperture ratio and increases luminance and power consumption, particularly when using amorphous silicon (a-Si) substrates.
Innovation Solution
The LCD device design shares a gate line and contact hole between vertically adjacent pixels, reducing the area occupied by the contact hole and enhancing the aperture ratio, while using a-Si substrates to maintain cost-effectiveness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the area of contact hole is increased to connect drain and pixel electrode, then electrical connection is ensured, but aperture ratio decreases and transmittance reduces
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the contact holes of two vertically adjacent pixels into a single shared contact hole structure. The drain electrodes of both pixels are positioned to share a common contact hole, reducing the total contact hole area from two separate holes to one shared hole, thereby increasing aperture ratio while maintaining electrical connection for both pixels
Solution Approach 2:
The shared contact hole structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides electrical connection for the drain of the first pixel and the drain of the second pixel through a single structural element, making the contact hole structure multi-functional and efficient
2Manufacturing precision
If high-resolution pixels are implemented, then display quality improves, but contact hole area ratio increases and transmittance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
By combining contact holes from multiple pixels into a shared structure, the patent reduces the total area occupied by contact holes in high-resolution displays, thereby improving aperture ratio and light transmittance while maintaining the required electrical connections for high-resolution pixel operation
3Manufacturing precision
If LTPS is used instead of a-Si to achieve high resolution, then pixel performance improves, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The shared contact hole structure reduces the total material required for contact hole formation and decreases the number of patterning steps, thereby lowering manufacturing costs when using a-Si substrates while still achieving high-resolution pixel performance through improved aperture ratio
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of manufacturing the same, which can increase a transmittance of a high-resolution pixel. The LCD device includes a gate line formed to be shared by vertically adjacent first and second pixels, a data line formed to interest the gate line, first and second thin film transistors (TFTs) respectively formed in the first and second pixels, a passivation layer formed to cover the first and second TFTs, including a contact hole that exposes drains of the first and second TFTs, first and second pixel electrodes formed on the passivation layer and in the contact hole, and respectively connected to the drains of the first and second TFTs, and a common electrode formed under or on the first and second pixel electrodes.