Liquid Crystal Display Sub-Electrode Capacitive Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display devices suffer from discoloration issues when viewed from oblique angles due to variations in transmittance, leading to poor display quality and low aperture ratios, especially in TN and MVA technologies, where the pre-tilt angles of liquid crystal molecules are difficult to control and result in reduced contrast and increased manufacturing costs.
Innovation Solution
A liquid crystal display device with vertical alignment-type liquid crystals and a capacitive coupling structure, where the picture element electrode is divided into sub-picture element electrodes, allowing for different voltages to be applied to each sub-electrode, thereby regulating the orientations of liquid crystal molecules using slits as domain regulation structures, which reduces discoloration and maintains high aperture ratios.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If vertical alignment-type liquid crystals are used to improve viewing angle characteristics, then viewing angle is improved, but discoloration occurs when viewed from oblique angles due to transmittance variations
Solution Approach 1:
The picture element electrode is divided into multiple sub-picture element electrodes (first, second, third sub-picture element electrodes). Each sub-electrode applies different voltages to create distinct liquid crystal orientation domains, thereby suppressing discoloration while maintaining wide viewing angles through multi-domain vertical alignment.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the picture element electrode is divided into multiple sub-electrodes to suppress discoloration, then display quality is improved, but the aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple sub-picture element electrodes are arranged in a shared structure within the picture element region, with their combined effective display area maximizing the aperture ratio. The electrodes share common boundaries and spacing, reducing the total non-display area compared to fully independent electrodes.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the picture element electrode are assigned different functions: the first sub-electrode controls one orientation domain, the second sub-electrode controls another domain, and the third sub-electrode adjusts transmittance characteristics. This local differentiation suppresses discoloration while maintaining high overall aperture ratio.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If different voltages are applied to sub-picture element electrodes to regulate liquid crystal orientations, then discoloration is suppressed, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The multiple sub-picture element electrodes serve multiple functions simultaneously: they create distinct orientation domains for discoloration suppression, control light transmittance independently, and define the aperture ratio through their collective arrangement. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional separate components.
4Ease of manufacture
If TN liquid crystal display devices are used to achieve simple structure, then manufacturing is easier, but viewing angle characteristics are poor and contrast changes when viewed obliquely
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid crystal alignment mode is changed from horizontal alignment (TN) to vertical alignment (VA), fundamentally altering the liquid crystal molecule orientation characteristics. This parameter change enables wide viewing angles and stable contrast while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through established vertical alignment film processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively suppresses discoloration and maintains high aperture ratios, enabling bright and stable display quality with improved viewing angle characteristics and reduced manufacturing complexity.
Implementation Method 1
vertical alignment-type liquid crystals contained between the first and second substrates
Implementation Method 2
a voltage according to a ratio between a capacitance formed between the sub picture element electrode capacitively coupled to the control electrode and the control electrode and a capacitance formed between the sub picture element electrode capacitively coupled to the control electrode and the common electrode
Data Source
AI summary
A picture element electrode is divided into sub picture element electrodes by slits extending obliquely. Further, a control electrode is formed over an auxiliary capacitance bus line. Part of the sub picture element electrodes overlaps the control electrode and is capacitively coupled to the control electrode. The control electrode and the source electrode of a TFT are connected through an interconnection. Part of the sub picture element electrodes is electrically connected to the interconnection. Further, part of the sub picture element electrodes is electrically connected to an interconnection extending from the control electrode.